生态型水源水库浮游甲壳类群落结构对水环境因子和生物因子的响应  

Impact of water environmental and biological factors on planktonic crustacean community structure in ecological water source reservoir

作　　者：毛嘉欣 陈皓若 李丰 郭印[2] 陈立婧 MAO Jiaxin;CHEN Haoruo;LI Feng;GUO Yin;CHEN Lijing(Engineering Center for Environmental DNA Technology and Aquatic Ecological Health Assessment,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306;Shanghai Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry,Shanghai 201699)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学环境DNA技术与水生态健康评估工程中心,上海201306 [2]上海农林职业技术学院,上海201699

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2024年第4期401-410,共10页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(No.2020YFD0900504,2019YFD0900605)。

摘　　要：生态型水源水库是将生态学原理与传统水库管理相结合,通过连续的生物监测,为水库建设合理的生态结构和保证饮用水的安全提供依据.本研究以上海金泽水库为例,于2019—2021年对该水库进行原位调查,探讨水环境因子、藻类和鱼类对浮游甲壳类群落结构的影响.结果表明,金泽水库3年内共鉴定出浮游甲壳类61种,其中,枝角类29种,平均生物密度为3.8 ind.·L^(-1),生物量为0.139 mg·L^(-1);桡足类32种,平均生物密度为4.8 ind.·L^(-1),生物量为0.445 mg·L^(-1).长额象鼻溞(Bosmina longirostris)、细巧华哲水蚤(Sinocalanus tenellus)和中华窄腹剑水蚤(Limnoithona sinensis)在3年中均为优势种.枝角类优势种的生物密度由DO、TP、Chl.a、WT主导,桡足类优势种的生物密度由DO、WT、TDS主导.浮游甲壳类优势种与藻类优势种的关系显著,其群落结构易受藻类上行作用的影响,第1优势种长额象鼻溞与颗粒直链藻(Aulacoseira granulata)呈显著正相关(p≤0.001).浮游甲壳类的生物量与滤食性鱼类鲢(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix)、鳙(Aristichthys nobilis)的生物量具有一定的负相关性,且鲢、鳙的放养会使得浮游甲壳类趋向于小型化.The ecological water source reservoir is a combination of ecological principles and traditional reservoir management.Through continuous biological monitoring,it provides a basis for the reasonable ecological structure of reservoir construction and the safety of drinking water.An in-situ survey was conducted from 2019 to 2021 at Jinze Reservoir in Shanghai to explore the effects of water environmental factors,algae,and fish on the community structure of planktonic crustaceans.During the three years,61 species of planktonic crustaceans were identified,including 29 species of cladocerans (3.8 ind.·L^(-1 )in average density,0.139 mg·L^(-1) in biomass) and 32 species of copepods (4.8 ind.·L^(-1) in average density,0.445 mg·L^(-1) in biomass).Bosmina longirostris,Sinocalanus tenellus and Limnoithona sinensis were the dominant species in the three years.The abundance of cladocerans dominant species was dominated by DO,TP,Chl.a and WT,while the abundance of copepods dominant species was dominated by DO,WT and TDS.The relationship between the dominant species of planktonic crustaceans and the dominant species of algae was significant,and its community structure was easily affected by the upward action of algae.The first dominant species,Bosmina longirostris,was significantly positively correlated with Aulacoseira granulata (p≤0.001).The biomass of planktonic crustaceans has a certain negative correlation with the biomass of filterfeeding fish Hypophthalmichthys molitrix and Aristichthys nobilis;stocking these fish will make the planktonic crustaceans tend to be miniaturized.

关 键 词：生态型水源水库 浮游甲壳类 水环境因子 藻类 滤食性鱼类 相关性分析 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X171.1[生物学] Q858.8