沉水植物水生态修复工程的水-气界面CO_(2)通量及生态效益研究——以武汉东湖为例  

Ecological restoration of submerged aquatic macrophytes can reduce CO_(2) emission and increase ecological benefits:A case study of Lake Donghu,Wuhan

作　　者：郑冰清 孙彩云 符洪铭 吴振斌[2] 夏世斌[1] 王培 ZHENG Bingqing;SUN Caiyun;FU Hongming;WU Zhenbin;XIA Shibin;WANG Pei(College of Resource&Environmental Engineering,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070;Institute of Hydrobiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430072;School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin 541006)

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学资源与环境工程学院,武汉430070 [2]中国科学院水生生物研究所,武汉430072 [3]桂林理工大学环境科学与工程学院,桂林541006

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2024年第5期496-506,共11页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.41807205,42172285)。

摘　　要：为了探讨沉水植物水生态修复工程实施后是否具有CO_(2)减排效应及工程实施后的生态效益,以武汉市东湖水生态修复工程示范区为研究对象,通过野外调查与室内分析相结合的研究手段,探讨沉水植物修复工程实施后是否存在CO_(2)减排效应,并揭示环境因素如何影响水生态修复区碳减排通量.在此基础之上,根据全国碳市场碳排放配额(CEA)挂牌协议交易成交价对CO_(2)减排效应进行货币化,同时针对水生态修复净化水体营养盐的功能,结合修复区沉水植物对氮、磷营养盐削减的收益,估算沉水植物水生态修复工程的综合生态经济效益.结果显示,沉水植物修复区与未修复区日间水-气界面CO_(2)通量均值分别为-2.139×10^(-3)mg·m^(-2)·h^(-1)和3.316×10^(-3)mg·m^(-2)·h^(-1),沉水植物种植后水气界面CO_(2)通量下降了165%,表明以轮叶黑藻、苦草和金鱼藻为主的沉水植物水生态修复工程具有CO_(2)减排效应.Pearson相关性分析表明,修复区的水体CO_(2)浓度以及沉水植物生物量直接影响水-气界面CO_(2)通量;营养盐浓度(水体总氮和总磷)、水温、透明度和浊度间接影响水-气界面CO_(2)通量.在水生态修复区,沉水植物的光合作用主导了水-气界面CO_(2)通量的变化.估算结果表明,东湖水生态修复工程的年度综合经济效益预计达到44.50万元,该项目的投入产出比约为4.23,相当于降低了23.6%的工程建造成本,本研究从生态系统服务功能的角度扩展了沉水植物水生态修复工程的评价维度,为沉水植物水生态修复工程的发展提供理论指导和技术支撑.There are still uncertainties in carbon accounting at both the global and regional levels.Although there have been many studies abroad on estimation of the carbon sink value of ecosystems,similar research has not yet been conducted on ecological restoration of aquatic ecosystems.In order to explore whether the ecological restoration of submerged aquatic macrophytes produces CO_(2) emission reduction effect and ecological benefits,a case study has been conducted on the demonstration project of aquatic ecological restoration of Lake Donghu,Wuhan.The CO_(2) fluxes at the water-air interface were measured with the static chamber method and multiple environmental factors were monitored at both the macrophyte-restoring and control areas.The CO_(2) emission reduction effect was monetized based on the transaction price of the carbon emission allowance(CEA) listed agreement in the national carbon market.Meanwhile,the benefits of N and P removal by the restored submerged macrophytes were calculated and added to the benefits of CO_(2) emission reduction to estimate the total ecological benefits of submerged macrophyte aquatic ecological restoration project.The calculated average CO_(2) flux at the water-air interface in the restored and unrestored areas was-2.139×10^(-3) mg·m^(-2)·h^(-1) and 3.316×10^(-3) mg·m^(-2)·h^(-1),respectively.Pearson correlation analysis showed that environmental factors such as CO_(2) concentration in the water columns and submerged macrophyte biomass directly affected the CO_(2) fluxes in the restoration area while environmental factors such as nutrient concentrations(TN and TP in water),water temperature,transparency and turbidity affected the CO_(2) fluxes indirectly.Finally,the total annual economic benefit of the aquatic ecological restoration project of Lake Donghu could expectedly reach 445000 RMB yuan,and the input-output ratio of the project is about 4.23,in other words,the cost of the project could be offset by 23.6%.Our study could provide a theoretical basis for the study of the

关 键 词：水生态修复工程 沉水植物 静态箱法 水-气界面CO_(2)通量 CO_(2)减排 生态效益 碳配额交易 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]