纳米酶:结合天然酶和人工催化的力量  

Nanozyme:Combining power of natural enzymes and artificial catalysis

作　　者：杜鹏 高利增[2,3,4] 焦健 范克龙 阎锡蕴[2,3,4] DU Peng;GAO Lizeng;JIAO Jian;FAN Kelong;YAN Xiyun(Institutes of Science and Development,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;CAS Engineering Laboratory for Nanozyme,Institute of Biophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;Zhongyuan Nanozymes Laboratory,Zhengzhou 451163,China;Nanozyme Medical Center,School of Basic Medical Sciences,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院,北京100190 [2]中国科学院生物物理研究所中国科学院纳米酶工程实验室,北京100101 [3]中原纳米酶实验室,郑州451163 [4]郑州大学基础医学院纳米酶医学研究中心,郑州450001

出　　处：《中国科学院院刊》2024年第5期809-820,共12页Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81930050、22121003、L2324225、T2342006、L2224045)。

摘　　要：纳米酶代表了一类新型人工酶和生物催化剂,打破了无机与有机生命的界限。它既有纳米材料的理化特性,也有独特的类酶催化活性。同时,这些理化特性有可能会调控催化活性,使得纳米酶跟天然酶、传统的模拟酶和化学催化剂区别开来。纳米酶有比较好的稳定性、耐高温、低温、耐酸碱、活性可调且多功能,目前受到了广泛关注,在生物医药、环境治理、绿色农业、新能源等领域展现出巨大的应用前景,并初步形成了相应的学科框架。为了更好地推动纳米酶的发展,拓展对纳米酶的认识,文章回顾了纳米酶发现,分析凝练了纳米酶的学科特点及其结构,综述了纳米酶的应用,并展望了未来的发展趋势。Nanozymes represent a novel class of artificial enzymes and biocatalysts,possessing both the physical and chemical properties of nanomaterials along with unique enzyme-like catalytic activities,which breaks the boundary between inorganic materials and organic life.Unlike natural enzymes,traditional enzyme mimics and chemical catalysts,nanozymes exhibit catalytic activity that can be regulated by their nanoscale physical and chemical properties.They are characterized by good stability,high-and lowtemperature resistance,acid and alkali resistance,adjustable activity,and multifunctionality.As a result,nanozymes have garnered widespread attention in the fields of biomedicine,environment treatment,green agriculture,new energy resources,and have begun to establish a disciplinary framework.This review aims to provide an overview of the discovery,disciplinary characteristics,and framework of nanozymes,as well as their applications and future development prospects,in order to advance our understanding and promote further development in this field.

关 键 词：纳米酶 新材料 天然酶 催化 人工酶 交叉学科 

分 类 号：Q55[生物学—生物化学]