2018~2022年临床科室大肠埃希菌检出分布及耐药情况分析  

Analysis of Detection Distribution and Drug Resistance of Escherichia coli in Clinical Departments from 2018 to 2022

作　　者：江炯培 何玥 JIANG Jiong-pei;HE Yue(Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicin,Shenzhen 518104,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳市中西医结合医院,广东深圳518104

出　　处：《海峡药学》2024年第4期59-63,共5页Strait Pharmaceutical Journal

基　　金：深圳市宝安区科技创新局基金项目(No.2020JD416)。

摘　　要：目的 了解医院近5年来临床样本中大肠埃希菌检出分布及耐药情况,为临床合理遴选抗菌药物提供参考。方法 采用VITEK-COMPCAT细菌鉴定及药敏分析仪对医院2018年1月至2022年12月期间医院临床科室送检的9095份微生物样本(阳性标本)进行细菌分离鉴定和药敏试验,并检测超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs),结合相关临床信息进行统计分析。结果 所有标本共检出大肠埃希菌2073株,大肠埃希菌的检出率为22.79%(2073/9095),在检出的大肠埃希菌中共有701株产ESBLs,产酶率为33.80%(701/2073)。送检标本中,检出大肠埃希菌比例最高的是尿液标本34.15%(708/2073);送检临床科室中,检出大肠埃希菌比例最高的是胃肠外科32.66%(677/2073)。抗菌药物美罗培南敏感率为100.00%,替加环素敏感率为100.00%,阿米卡星敏感率为98.87%,头孢替坦敏感率为98.11%,哌拉西林/他唑巴坦敏感率为96.44%。结论 大肠埃希菌在五年间的检出率呈现先上升后平稳下降趋势,产ESBLs的大肠埃希菌比例呈下降趋势,常用抗菌药物对大肠埃希菌保持较高的敏感率。OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution and drug resistance of Escherichia coli in clinical samples in recent 5 years,and to provide reference for rational selection of antibiotics in clinic.METHODS VITEK-COMPCAT bacterial identification and drug sensitivity analyzer was used to perform bacterial isolation and identification and drug sensitivity test on 9095 microbial samples(positive samples) submitted by clinical departments of the hospital from January 2018 to December 2022,and extended-spectrum β-lactamases(ESBLs) were detected.Statistical analysis was performed in combination with relevant clinical information.RESULTS A total of 2073 strains of Escherichia coli were detected in all specimens,and the detection rate of Escherichia coli was 22.79%(2073/9095).A total of 701 strains of Escherichia coli produced ESBLs,and the enzyme production rate was 33.80%(701/2073).Among the submitted specimens,the highest proportion of Escherichia coli was detected in urine specimens(34.15%,708/2073).Among the clinical departments submitted for inspection,the highest proportion of Escherichia coli was 32.66%(677/2073) in gastrointestinal surgery.The sensitivity rates of meropenem,tigecycline,amikacin,cefotetan and piperacillin/tazobactam were 100.00%,100.00%,98.87%,98.11% and 96.44%,respectively.CONCLUSION The detection rate of Escherichia coli increased first and then decreased steadily in the past five years.The proportion of Escherichia coli producing ESBLs showed a downward trend.Commonly used antibiotics maintained a high sensitivity rate to Escherichia coli.

关 键 词：大肠埃希菌 超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs) 耐药 检出率 分析 条件致病菌 

分 类 号：R969[医药卫生—药理学]