林译莎士比亚“冤案”与新文学史的“权力”省思——以《吟边燕语·序》为中心  

The“Unfairly Treated Case”on Lin Shu's Translation of Shakespeare and Reflection on the“Power”of New Literature History—Based on the Preface of Yin Bian Yan Yu

作　　者：李向阳 Li Xiangyang

机构地区：[1]河南大学黄河文明与可持续发展研究中心,开封475001

出　　处：《四川大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第3期188-196,219,共10页Journal of Sichuan University：Philosophy and Social Science Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“中国文学学术现代化进程研究”(21&ZD263);河南省哲学社会科学规划青年项目“清末民初汉译文学文体演进研究(1898—1919)”(2023CWX033)。

摘　　要：林纾译莎士比亚戏剧为小说一直是新文学史上的“定论”,直到日本当代学者樽本照雄考证出林译《雷差得纪》等几部历史剧故事的英文原本,才使真相水落石出,昔日“定论”变为“冤案”。“冤案”起点为《吟边燕语·序》,它虽以“笔记”“莎诗之记事”明示底本文体,但在民初新旧文学论战的紧张气氛中,这些关键线索受到忽视,该序包含的学术信息没能得到完全释放,它因此成为一篇未被充分解读的文献。林译莎士比亚“冤案”事件,再次表明新史料在文学研究及历史人物评价中的重要作用,同时也启发研究者省思新文学史的“权力”和需要面对的“重写”挑战。而对“旧文学”研究来说,尤其需要在重写现代中国文学史的过程中弥补新文学话语一直以来单方面叙述的不足,进而完成对“旧文学”的充分解读。The translation of Shakespeare's plays into novels by Lin Shu had been a consensus in the history of new literature.It was not until contemporary Japanese scholar Teruo Taramoto verified the English versions of Lin's translations of several historical dramas,such as RichardⅡ,that the truth was revealed,and the former consensus turned into an“unfairly treated case”.The starting point of the“unfairly treated case”is the preface to Yin Bian Yan Yu.Although it uses“notes”and“events of Shakespeare's plays”to express the basic literary information,these key clues were ignored,in the tense atmosphere of the debate between new and conventional literature in the early Republic of China,and the academic information contained in this preface was not fully released,making it remain an incomplete interpretation of the literature.In the formation of this“unfairly treated case”,Lin Shu's responsibility lies in not accurately marking the original author.Yin Bian Yan Yu's“English Shakespeare original”is misleading,and directly caused the misunderstanding on the part of Liu Bannong,the first person to draw the“conclusion”that was to become a consensus.The same mark appears on four historical adaptations of Shakespeare's original plays,including Lin's 1916 translation of RichardⅡ.Since the original stories of these four historical dramas were little known,Lin's translation of Shakespeare's plays into novels became a final conclusion with Hu Shi's“recognition”and Zheng Zhenduo's“confirmation”.This view was followed by later Lin translation researchers and writers of new literary history.Teruo Taramoto's characterization of Lin Shu's“translation of plays into novels”as“unfairly treated case”has caused academic controversy,but he has made great contributions to finding the original versions of Shakespeare's historical plays that Lin translated,thus changing the new literary history's narrative related to this issue.The acceptance of this“conclusion”by the writers of the new literatur

关 键 词：林纾 《吟边燕语》 莎士比亚 《莎士比亚戏剧故事集》 新文学史 

分 类 号：I206.6[文学—中国文学]