晚清出洋中国人对西方女性的认知——以同光新政出洋人士日记为中心  

Chinese People's Cognition of Western Women in Late Qing Dynasty--Centered around Diaries of Chinese Travelers Abroad

作　　者：邵建 SHAO Jian

机构地区：[1]上海社会科学院,上海200020

出　　处：《学术月刊》2024年第4期187-197,共11页Academic Monthly

摘　　要：第二次鸦片战争以后,以外交官为代表的出洋士人,成为那个时代最早一批亲历西方世界的中国人。出洋士人留存日记中,有大量描写、议论甚至评价西方女性的文字,与受到诸多束缚的中国女性相比,除了穿着、打扮、行为举止迥异之外,西方女性的婚恋方式、家庭地位、教育程度、参与社会活动以及从事职业等方面更是与中国女性有天壤之别。这些观点和看法一定程度上反映出了出洋中国人心目中对西方女性形象的认知。对西方女性的认知形成及其变化过程,伴随着晚清中国对西方文化的吸收与接纳,尽管其中存在相对普遍的认知偏差甚至误读,但却一定程度上体现了中西方之间社会、文化等层面的差别与差距,反映了中国走向近代化的进程。After the Second Opium War,Chinese individuals who went abroad,especially diplomats,became among the earliest Chinese to personally experience the Western world in that era.In the diaries left by these Chinese overseas travelers,there is a wealth of descriptions,discussions,and even evaluations of Western women.Compared with Chinese women who were subject to many constraints,Western women differed not only in their attire,appearance and behavior but also in their approach to marriage,family status,education level,participation in social activities,and engagement in professions.These views and perspectives to some extent reflect the perception of Western women in the minds of Chinese people travellingabroad.The formation and evolutionof these views on Western women,accompanied by the absorption and acceptance of Western culture by late Qing Dynasty,despite potentialcommon cognitive biases and even misreading,to a certain extent,reflected the differences and gaps in social and cultural aspects between China and the West.This reflection is indicative of China's journey towards modernization.

关 键 词：西女 形象 形成 建构 

分 类 号：K25[历史地理—历史学]