意识形态操纵视域下苏联解体的历史缘由与深刻教训  

The Historical Causes and Profound Lessons of the Disintegration of the Soviet Union from the Perspective of Ideological Manipulation

作　　者：吴学磊 WU Xue-lei(School of Marxism,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学马克思主义学院,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《聊城大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第3期34-42,共9页Journal of Liaocheng University:Social Science Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目(22CKS038):新时代中国对外话语体系建设研究。

摘　　要：资产阶级利用意识形态手段对内进行思想控制、对外进行政权颠覆,是其巩固统治的惯用策略。上世纪,随着资产阶级意识形态操纵理论的成熟以及信息传播技术的发展,西方资本主义国家越来越重视对苏联进行意识形态操纵,通过反共势力的培养、话语体系的替换、错误信息的输入、精英阶层的蛊惑,不断分化苏联社会价值观,制造和加剧了苏联民众的信仰迷茫。同时,利用苏联内部“第二操纵者”构建错误理论、壮大反动组织和大搞历史虚无,进一步解构了苏联主流意识形态,加速了苏联解体。维护意识形态安全是保障国家政权安全的关键一环,一定要牢牢坚持马克思主义在意识形态领域指导地位的根本制度,加强宣传舆论阵地建设,坚定全党的信仰信念信心,构建全员全方位全过程的思政育人格局。The bourgeoisie's habitual strategy of consolidating their rule is to use ideological means to control their thoughts internally and subvert their political power externally.In the last century,with the maturity of the theory of bourgeois ideological manipulation and the development of information dissemi-nation technology,Western capitalist countries increasingly attached importance to ideological manipula-tion of the Soviet Union.Through the cultivation of anti communist forces,the replacement of discourse systems,the input of erroneous information,and the instigation of elite levels,Soviet social values were continuously differentiated,creating and exacerbating the confusion of faith among the Soviet people.At the same time,the use of the"second manipulators"within the Soviet Union to construct erroneous theo-ries,strengthen reactionary organizations,and promote historical nihilism further deconstructed the main-stream ideology of the Soviet Union and accelerated its disintegration.Maintaining ideological security is a crucial part of ensuring the security of national political power.We must firmly adhere to the fundamental system of Marxism's guiding position in the field of ideology,strengthen the construction of propaganda and public opinion platforms,strengthen the belief and confidence of the entire party,and build a compre-hensive and all-round ideological and political education pattern for all employees.

关 键 词：苏联解体 意识形态操纵 原因 教训 

分 类 号：D73[政治法律—政治学] D77[政治法律—中外政治制度] D33D37