清末基层警察教育探析——由武汉巡警教练所毕业文凭展开的考察  

Research of Basic Level Police Education at the End of Qing Dynasty-an Investigation into a Diploma Issued by the Police Training Institute of Wuhan at the End of Qing Dynasty

作　　者：刘鄂 LIU E(School of Law and Public Administration,Hunan University of Science and Technology,Xiangtan 411201,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南科技大学法学与公共管理学院,湖南湘潭411201

出　　处：《聊城大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第3期108-117,共10页Journal of Liaocheng University:Social Science Edition

基　　金：2021年度湖南省教育厅科学研究重点项目(21A0303):法律楹联所见清末民国司法转型研究。

摘　　要：为落实预备立宪《逐年应行筹备事宜清单》关于组建基层警察机构的要求,民政部于光绪三十四年奏定《各省巡警学堂章程》,要求府、厅、州、县均须设一处巡警教练所,以培养基层警察。毕业于武汉巡警教练所的严良钜,其毕业文凭即为基层警察教育之实物佐证。严良钜文凭中记载的师资、课程等信息,反映出武汉巡警教练所不仅配备了优良的师资,还在《各省巡警学堂章程》的规定课程之外,因地因时增添课程。然因《各省巡警学堂章程》的办学要求有诸多好高骛远之处,不少地方因经费不足等困难推迟开办,甚至不能开办巡警教练所。按章办学的武汉巡警教练所,虽具有样板作用,但此一样板在当时并不具备推广之可能性。这也反映出清末预备立宪因操切行事而不能成功的一面。On the 34th year of Guangxu in Qing dynasty,the Regulations of Police School for each Province had been submitted by the Ministry of Civil Affairs and approved by the court,which requests that one police training institute should be established by the local governments of different levels such as cities and counties.The diploma of Mr.Yan Liangju who graduated from the Police Training Institute of Wuhan is one of physical remains for local police education.At that time,highly attention was paid by the Police Department of Hubei Province to the Police Training Institute of Wuhan.Besides the excellent teachers provided,the Police Training Institute of Wuhan also had capabilities to offer a few courses based on needs beyond the specified ones written in the Regulations of Police School for each Province.Howev-er,many places postponed the starting of their institutes or even could not establish the institute due to the difficulties such us insufficient funds as the requirements specified in that regulations had too many i-tems which did not consider the actual status of the whole country.Though the Police Training Institute of Wuhan which followed the requirements of the regulations played as a model role,there was no possibility of promoting this model at that time.

关 键 词：清末 警察教育 巡警教练所 巡警道 各省巡警学堂章程 

分 类 号：K252[历史地理—历史学]