利用组培技术构建半夏杂交体系  

Contruction for the Hybridization System of Pinellia ternata(Thunb.)Breit Using on Plant Tissue Culture Techniques

作　　者：舒福兴 王嘉亮 陈国广[1] 王馨瑶 姚朝旭 金磊磊[1] 汪鑫 王栋栋 陈集双[1,2] SHU Fuxing;WANG Jialiang;CHEN Guoguang;WANG Xinyao;YAO Zhaoxu;JIN Leilei;WANG Xin;WANG Dongdong;CHEN Jishuang(College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering,Nanjing Tech University,Nanjing 211816,China;Bioresource Institute for Healthy Utilization,Zunyi Medical University,Zunyi Guizhou 563000,China)

机构地区：[1]南京工业大学生物与制药工程学院,南京211816 [2]遵义医科大学生物资源健康利用研究中心,贵州遵义563000

出　　处：《种子》2024年第4期81-87,共7页Seed

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(82373981);江苏省先进生物制造协同创新中心项目(XTC2208);贵州省中医药管理局中医药、民族医药科学技术研究课题(QZYY-2022-037);国家级大学生创新创业项目(202210661183X);国家级大学生创新创业项目(ZYDC202301003);遵义市科技计划项目(遵市科合HZ字[2021]287);贵州省黔科平台人才项目([2020]013);大学生创新创业项目(ZYDC202301039)。

摘　　要：本研究通过构建半夏品系的杂交体系并研究杂交种苗的扩繁周期,以解决半夏自然杂交成功率低、杂交种苗繁育效率低的问题。对消毒过的半夏花粉和雌蕊以TTC法测定其活力,并通过对比实验确定雌蕊的最佳培养基,对3种新的半夏品系持续培养出F_(1)代杂交苗,通过杂交苗继代探究转接周期和成苗周期。结果表明,半夏雌蕊和花粉的最佳消毒时间为6 min;雌蕊的最佳培养基配方是半糖无琼脂MS培养基20.00 g/L+蔗糖15.00 g/L+琼脂5.00 g/L+6-BA 1.00 mg/L+NAA 0.01 mg/L,pH=5.8。以此为基础,培育出F_(1)代苗;4种半夏品系的F_(1)代杂交苗与亲本组培苗叶型有明显区别,经过扩繁发现了两个杂交种苗的扩繁周期。本研究建立了基于植物组织培养技术的半夏杂交体系并获得杂交苗,并探明杂交种苗的繁育周期。In order to solve the problem of low success rate of natural crossing and low breeding efficiency of hybrid seedlings,the cross breeding system of Pinellia ternata(Thunb.)Breit was constructed and the propagation cycle of hybrid seedlings was studied.TTC method was used to determine the vitality of the sterilized Pinellia ternata(Thunb.)Breit pollen and pistil,and the best medium for pistil was determined through comparative experiment.F_(1)generation hybrid seedlings were continuously cultivated for three new Pinellia ternata(Thunb.)Breit strains,and the transition cycle and seedling formation cycle were explored through the hybrid seedling subgeneration.The results showed that the optimum disinfection time for pistil and pollen of Pinellia ternata(Thunb.)Breit was 6 min.The optimal medium formulation for pistil was semi-saccharose AGAR free MS medium 20.00 g/L+sucrose 15.00 g/L+AGAR 5.00 g/L+6-BA 1.00 mg/L+NAA 0.01 mg/L,pH=5.8.On this basis,F_(1)substitute seedlings were cultivated.There was obvious difference in leaf type between F_(1)hybrid seedlings of 4 Pinellia ternata(Thunb.)Breit strains and their parent tissue culture seedlings,and the propagation cycle of two hybrid seedlings was found after propagation.In this study,a Pinellia ternata(Thunb.)Breit hybrid system based on plant tissue culture technology was established and the hybrid seedlings were obtained,and the breeding cycle of the hybrid seedlings was proved.

关 键 词：半夏 杂交育种 植物组培 杂交体系 叶型比较 繁育周期 

分 类 号：S567.239[农业科学—中草药栽培]