卡拉胶对七彩神仙鱼生长、酶活性和肠道微生物组成的影响  

Effects of Carrageenan on Growth,Enzyme Activities and Intestinal Microbial Composition of Discus Fish Symphysodon haraldi

作　　者：张浩然 温彬 潘韵超 杨博添 高建忠[1,2,3,4] 陈再忠[1,2,3,4] ZHANG Haoran;WEN Bin;PAN Yunchao;YANG Botian;GAO Jianzhong;CHEN Zaizhong(Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources,Ministry of Education,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;National Demonstration Centre for Experimental Fisheries Science Education,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学,农业农村部淡水水产种质资源重点实验室,上海201306 [2]上海海洋大学,水产种质资源发掘与利用教育部重点实验室,上海201306 [3]上海海洋大学,上海水产养殖工程技术研究中心,上海201306 [4]上海海洋大学,水产科学国家级试验教学示范中心,上海201306

出　　处：《水产科学》2024年第3期400-409,共10页Fisheries Science

基　　金：上海市自然科学基金资助项目(20ZR1423600);上海市青年科技人才扬帆计划项目(19YF1419400).

摘　　要：为探究黏合剂卡拉胶对七彩神仙鱼生长、消化酶活性、抗氧化酶活性和肠道微生物组成的影响,在水温(28.0±0.5)℃下,将初始体质量(10.81±2.41)g的七彩神仙鱼饲养在80 L养殖缸中,每缸15尾,投喂添加3%、6%、9%、12%和15%卡拉胶的饲料,以投喂不添加卡拉胶的颗粒饲料和牛心汉堡为对照,养殖56 d。结果表明:3%卡拉胶组七彩神仙鱼质量增加率和特定生长率最高,胃蛋白酶活性和前肠淀粉酶活性显著高于其他组,肝脏丙二醛含量和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性显著低于其他试验组;12%卡拉胶组肝脏超氧化物歧化酶活性显著高于其他试验组。在肠道微生物组成的门水平方面,3%卡拉胶组变形菌门相对丰度显著高于其他组,梭杆菌门的相对丰度减少;在属水平方面,牛心汉堡组不含有乳球菌属,3%卡拉胶组罗姆布茨菌属相对丰度显著高于其他卡拉胶组,牛心汉堡组的鲸杆菌属相对丰度显著高于其他组。添加3%的卡拉胶能够提高七彩神仙鱼的质量增加率和特定生长率,显著提高胃蛋白酶和前肠淀粉酶活性,且不会造成氧化应激,肠道变形菌、罗姆布茨菌和乳球菌的相对丰度增加。在本试验条件下,七彩神仙鱼饲料中卡拉胶的适宜添加量为3%。In order to evaluate effects of carrageenan on growth,digestive enzyme activity,antioxidant enzyme activity and intestinal microbial composition of discus fish Symphysodon haraldi,the discus fish with initial body weight of(10.81±2.41)g was reared in 80 L breeding tanks at stocking density of 15 individuals per tank,and fed diet containing 0%(and beef heart burger as controls),3%,6%,9%,12%and 15%carrageenan at water temperature of(28.0±0.5)℃for 56 days.The results showed that the maximal weight gain rate and specific growth rate were observed in 3%carrageenan group.There were significantly higher pepsin activity and foregut amylase activity in 3%carrageenan group than those in other groups,and significantly lower liver malondialdehyde level and glutathione peroxidase activities than other experimental groups.The activity of superoxide dismutase was significantly higher in liver of the discus fish fed the diet containing 12%of carrageenan than that in other experimental groups.The relative abundance of Proteobacteria was significantly higher in intestinal microbial composition in 3%carrageenan group than that in other groups at phylum level,and the relative abundance of Fusobacteria decreased.In terms of genus level,there was no Lactococcus in the beef heart burger group,significantly higher content of Rombuutsia in 3%carrageenan group than that in other carrageenan groups,and significantly higher content of the Cetobacterium than that in other groups.It was found that addition of 3%carrageenan improved the weight gain rate and specific growth rate of disc fish,significantly increased the activity of pepsin and foregut amylase,without oxidative stress,and with increase in relative abundance of Proteus,Rombudsia and Lactococcus.Under the conditions of this experiment,3%of carrageenan is of the appropriate dietary amount for discus fish.

关 键 词：七彩神仙鱼 卡拉胶 生长 消化免疫 肠道微生物组成 

分 类 号：S965.8[农业科学—水产养殖]