基于探空数据探讨河套地区层云、层积云降水的物理量特征  

Exploration on Physical Quantity Characteristics of Stratus and Stratocumulus Precipitation in Hetao Area Based on Sounding Data

作　　者：于水燕 苏立娟 蔡敏 张峰 Yu Shuiyan;Su Lijuan;Cai Min;Zhang Feng(Inner Mongolia Weather Modification Center,Inner Mongolia Hohhot 010051)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古自治区人工影响天气中心,内蒙古呼和浩特010051

出　　处：《内蒙古气象》2024年第1期45-48,共4页Meteorology Journal of Inner Mongolia

基　　金：内蒙古气象局研究型业务项目(nmqxyj201910);内蒙古气象局科技创新项目(nmqxkjcx202205)共同资助。

摘　　要：基于2019年内蒙古河套地区雷达、卫星探测资料,将降水过程分为层云降水和层积云降水,并基于L波段探空秒数据反演云的垂直结构。得到如下结论:(1)层云降水和层积云降水大多为1~2层云。降水云为1层云时,层云降水和层积云降水的云底均在2.0 km左右;但是,层积云降水的云厚明显大于层云降水。降水云为2层云时,层云降水和层积云降水的云底也均在2.0 km左右;但是,层积云降水的下层云厚度大于层云降水,总厚度也明显大于层云降水,夹层更薄。(2)降水云为层云时,云系的整层可降水量为26.2 mm,总指数为41.91℃,K指数为28.32℃,抬升凝结温度为10.00℃,对流有效位能为59.39 J·kg^(-1),云系稳定。降水云为层积云时,云系的整层可降水量为32.1 mm,总指数为42.03℃,K指数为32.29℃,抬升凝结温度为12.61℃,对流有效位能为103.09 J·kg^(-1),云系比较稳定。比较而言,降水云系为层积云时更多,且整层可降水量更多,更适宜开展人工增雨作业。Based on the radar and satellite data in Hetao area in 2019, the precipitation processes were divided into stratus precipitation and stratocumulus precipitation, and the vertical structures of clouds were analyzed by using the L-band sounding second data. The following conclusions were obtained:(1) Most of the stratus precipitation and stratocumulus precipitation came from 1-2 layers clouds. When the cloud layer was 1, the cloud base heights of stratus and stratocumulus were about 2.0 km, and the cloud thickness of stratocumulus was significantly greater than that of stratus. When there were 2 layers of clouds, the cloud base heights of stratus and stratocumulus were also about 2.0 km. However, the total thickness of stratocumulus and the thickness of the lower layer of stratocumulus were greater than those of stratus, and the interlayer of stratocumulus was thinner.(2) The total precipitable water vapor, total index, K index, lifting condensation temperature, convective available potential energy of stratus were26.2 mm, 41.91, 28.32, 10.00 °C and 59.39 J·kg^(-1), respectively, indicating that the cloud was stable. The total precipitable water vapor, total index, K index, lifting condensation temperature, convective available potential energy of stratocumulus were 32.1 mm, 42.03, 32.29, 12.61 °C and 103.09 J·kg^(-1), respectively, indicating that the cloud was relatively stable. Compared with stratus precipitation, the stratocumulus precipitation was more common and the total precipitable water vapor was greater, which was more suitable for artificial rain enhancement operations.

关 键 词：探空数据 云垂直结构 层云降水 层积云降水 物理量特征 

分 类 号：P426.5[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] P412