2022-2023年福建省监测点环境污水中诺如病毒的检测和型别分布特征分析  

Analysis on the detection and genotypes distribution of norovirus in environmental sewage in Fujian province during 2022-2023

作　　者：严诗琦 张梦萍 张海荣 吴冰珊[2] 李东[2] 陈致飞[2] 杨秀惠[1,2] Yan Shiqi;Zhang Mengping;Zhang Hairong;Wu Bingshan;Li Dong;Chen Zhifei;Yang Xiuhui(Public Health School of Fujian Medical University,Fuzhou 350001,China;Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research,Fujian Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Fuzhou 350010,China)

机构地区：[1]福建医科大学公共卫生学院,福州350001 [2]福建省疾病预防控制中心、福建省人兽共患病重点实验室,福州350010

出　　处：《中华实验和临床病毒学杂志》2024年第2期131-137,共7页Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Virology

基　　金：福建省社会发展引导性(重点)项目资助(2017Y0011);福建省科技平台建设(2019Y2001)。

摘　　要：目的了解福建省3个监测点环境污水中诺如病毒(norovirus,NoV)检出情况及型别分布特征,探索其应用于NoV监测的意义。方法每月在代表性监测地区5个采样点采集污水,富集浓缩后,用逆转录半巢式-聚合酶链反应(reverse transcription-semi nested polymerase chain reaction,RT-snPCR)扩增NoV VP1部分基因片段,TA克隆后测序进行基因型别分析。结果2022年7月至2023年6月共收集污水标本56份,GⅠ和GⅡ检出率分别为89.29%(50/56)和94.64%(53/56)。检出GⅠ组7种基因型和GⅡ组13种基因型,其中GⅠ.1、GⅠ.4、GⅡ.4和GⅡ.17为优势基因型。不同采样点检出基因型别不完全一致;2022年8~11月NoV检出率较低,且不同季节流行优势基因型不同,GⅠ.1和GⅡ.4在2022年8~11月呈高流行,但2022年12月到2023年6月分别被GⅠ.4和GⅡ.17取代。2023年1~6月相较2022年7~12月检出型别丰度更高。优势基因型GII.17具有多进化分支,发现了不同于2014/2015年流行株的新变异株。结论环境污水NoV检出率高且基因型别多样,具备发现新变异病毒株的能力,环境污水监测可做为NoV病例监测的重要补充手段。Objective To investigate the detection status and genotypes distribution characteristics of norovirus(NoV)in environmental sewage from three monitoring points in Fujian province,and to explore the significance of its application to NoV monitoring.Methods Sewage samples were collected monthly at 5 sampling sites in representative monitoring cities,enriched and concentrated.Partial gene fragments of norovirus VP1 were amplified by reverse transcription-semi nested polymerase chain reaction(RT-snPCR),TA cloned and sequenced.Genotypes were identified based on the sequencing.Results A total of 56 sewage samples were collected from July 2022 to June 2023.The detection rates of GⅠand GⅡwere 89.29%(50/56)and 94.64%(53/56),respectively.A total of 7 NoV GⅠgenotypes and 13 GⅡgenotypes were identified.GⅠ.1,GⅠ.4,GⅡ.4 and GⅡ.17 were the dominant genotypes.NoV genotypes detected in different sampling sites were not exactly the same.The detection rate of NoV was low from August to November 2022,and the prevalence of the dominant genotypes was different in different seasons.GⅠ.1 and GⅡ.4 were highly prevalent from August to November 2022,but were replaced by GⅠ.4 and GⅡ.17 from December 2022 to June 2023,respectively.More NoV genotypes were detected in January-June 2023,comparing to the July-December 2022.The dominant genotype GII.17,has multiple clades and new variants have been discovered that are different from the 2014/2015 circulating strains.Conclusions The detection rates of NoV in environmental sewage were very high,and genotypes were diverse.Environmental sewage surveillance could be an important complementary method for NoV cases surveillance.

关 键 词：环境监测 诺如病毒 污水 基因型 

分 类 号：X832[环境科学与工程—环境工程] R373.2[医药卫生—病原生物学]