诱导HIV广谱中和抗体的疫苗研究策略进展  

Update on the development of strategies for vaccine research inducing broadly neutralizing antibodies against HIV

作　　者：张翔宇 高勇 Zhang Xiangyu;Gao Yong(Department of Infectious Diseases,The First Affiliated Hospital,Division of Life Sciences and Medicine,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230001,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学生命科学与医学部附属第一医院感染病科,合肥230001

出　　处：《中华实验和临床病毒学杂志》2024年第2期209-216,共8页Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Virology

摘　　要：由人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)引起的艾滋病(acquired immunodeficiency syndrome,AIDS)在过去40多年间一直困扰着人类,防治AIDS仍是人类面临的重要挑战。尽管HIV疫苗依然是人类彻底战胜AIDS的最理想方法,但迄今尚无可供预防使用的有效疫苗问世。其主要原因是由于HIV是一种高度变异的病毒,传统的疫苗策略在预防极端多样的HIV感染上面临着巨大的挑战。因此,研发一种能够成功诱导针对多种HIV变异的广谱中和抗体的新型疫苗成为科学界的关注焦点。本综述介绍了目前新型的HIV免疫原设计策略和新型候选疫苗的研究进展,并总结了关于HIV疫苗的最新临床试验和研究进展,展望了未来在HIV疫苗开发领域的发展方向。Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS),a disease caused by human immunodeficiency virus(HIV),has plagued human being for nearly 40 years and continues to pose a significant challenge to our society.Development of an effective vaccine against HIV is still the most ideal approach for AIDS elimination.However,to date,no effectively preventive HIV vaccine has emerged for widespread use.HIV is a highly variable virus,and traditional vaccine strategies have encountered difficulties in preventing HIV infection.Consequently,there is a growing emphasis in the scientific community on the development of a novel vaccine capable of eliciting broadly neutralizing antibodies(bNAb)against multiple HIV variants.This article outlines the current progress in the design of new immunogens and candidate vaccines,highlighting recent clinical trials and preliminary research.It also offers insights into future directions for HIV vaccine development.

关 键 词：人类免疫缺陷病毒 艾滋病 中和抗体 疫苗 

分 类 号：R392-33[医药卫生—免疫学]