钻井液流变性对转盘钻井钻柱耦合振动抑制的参数影响研究  

Influence of Rheological Parameters of Drilling Fluid on the Coupling Vibration Suppression of Drillstring in Rotary Table Drilling

作　　者：陈益丽 柳军[1,2] 梁爽 CHEN Yili;LIU Jun;LIANG Shuang(School of Mechatronic Engineering,Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu 610500;School of Mechanical Engineering,Chengdu University,Chengdu 610106)

机构地区：[1]西南石油大学机电工程学院,成都610500 [2]成都大学机械工程学院,成都610106

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2024年第5期183-195,共13页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51875489);四川省科技计划项目(2022YFQ0034)资助项目。

摘　　要：当钻头钻进时,环空内的钻井液因混合大量岩屑会表现出较强的非牛顿流变性,对钻柱振动行为产生较大影响。采用Hamilton变分原理建立了转盘钻井钻柱纵-横-扭耦合(Axial-lateral-torsional coupling,ALTC)非线性动力学模型,模型充分考虑了钻柱结构阻尼、钻井液非牛顿流变阻尼、钻头-岩石互作用及钻柱-井壁接触等因素的影响。提出一种瑞利阻尼矩阵计算方法,采用纵、横、扭、纵-横、横-扭、纵-扭阻尼矩阵联合求得纵-横-扭耦合阻尼矩阵,实现了在钻柱ALTC振动阻尼中考虑钻井液的影响。采用有限元法结合Newmark-β法实现了系统非线性振动模型的离散及求解,并借助现场实测数据验证了模型的有效性。利用模型探究了钻井液流变参数对钻柱ALTC振动响应的影响机理,结果表明:较大的钻井液屈服应力和稠度系数(τ_(Hy)=7,k=5),及较小的幂律指数(n=0.2)可更好地抑制钻柱系统纵向振动,降低跳钻风险;较大的钻井液屈服应力和稠度系数(τ_(Hy)=7,k=5),幂律指数n=0.8可更好地抑制钻柱系统横向振动,保持井眼直径;较大的稠度系数和幂律指数(k=5,n≥0.8)可更好抑制钻柱系统粘滑振动,提高机械钻速。研究结果可为优化钻柱及钻井液参数,降低钻柱有害振动,提高钻井效率提供理论支撑。The drilling fluid shows strong non-Newtonian rheology due to mixing a large number of cuttings in annulus during drilling,which has great influences on the vibration behavior of the drill string.An axial-lateral-torsional coupling(ALTC)nonlinear dynamic model based on Hamilton's principle is established,taking into account the effect of drillstring structure damping,non-Newtonian rheological damping of drilling fluid,bit-rock interaction and drillstring-borehole contact.A Rayleigh damping matrix calculation method is proposed.The axial,lateral,torsional,axial-lateral,lateral-torsional and axial-torsional damping matrices are combined to obtain the ALTC damping matrix,which can be used to describe the influence of drilling fluid on ALTC vibration damping of drill string.The finite element method and Newmark-βmethod are used to realize the discretization and solution of the nonlinear vibration model of the system,and the effectiveness of the model is verified by the field measurement data.Based on these,the influence mechanism of rheological parameters of drilling fluid on ALTC vibration response of drill string is investigated.It is found that larger shear stress τ_(Hy) and consistency coefficient k and smaller power-law index n can better suppress the axial vibration of the drill string and reduce the risk of bit jumping,larger values of τ_(Hy) and k,n of around 0.8 can better suppress lateral vibration of the drill string and maintain hole diameter,larger values of k and n can better suppress the stick-slip vibration of drill string and improve the ROP.The results can provide theoretical support for optimizing drill string and drilling fluid parameters,reducing harmful vibration of drill string and improving drilling efficiency.

关 键 词：转盘钻井 钻柱振动 耦合振动 钻井液流变性 粘滑振动 

分 类 号：TE921[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]