数据商品生产及其流通的政治经济学分析  

Political Economics Analysis of the Production and Circulation of Data Commodities

作　　者：张旺 白永秀[1] Zhang Wang;Bai Yongxiu

机构地区：[1]西北大学经济管理学院,西安710127

出　　处：《当代经济研究》2024年第5期5-16,F0002,F0003,共14页Contemporary Economic Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目(22CJY040)。

摘　　要：平台经济的兴起为不具有交换价值的原始数据成为商品创造必要条件,数据价值在“数字足迹→原始数据→数据商品”演进中被释放出来。数据商品是由数字劳动通过数字平台生产的一种非物质形态商品,其价值仍然是由生产资料转移的旧价值和劳动者创造的新价值构成,数据商品的所有权归资本所有者。数据商品的二因素仍然由数字劳动的二重性决定,但其却呈现出特殊的成本结构和自生长周期:一方面,将使用价值转化为价值的表现方式由转让所有权变为转让使用权;另一方面,缩短了商品迭代时间并增强了时效性。数据商品流通的是使用权,而非所有权,流通过程中商品体并未发生物理运动,购买者无权处置商品体,仅能凭借密钥供自己使用,所有者通过分裂使用权证书进行多次转让使用权。The rise of the platform economy creates necesary conditions for original data that does not have exchange value and is not a commodity to become a commodity,and the value of data is released in the evolution from a digital footprint to raw data and then to a data commodity.Data commodity is an immaterial form of commodity produced by digital labor through a digital platform,and its value is still composed of the old value transferred by the means of production and the new value created by laborers.The ownership of data commodities belongs to the owner of capital.The dual factors of data commodities are still determined by the duality of digital labor,but they present a special cost structure and self-growth cycle.On the one hand,the expression of transforming use value into value changes from transfer of ownership to transfer of the right to use.On the other hand,the commodity iteration time of commodities is shortened and the timeliness is enhanced.Circulation of data commodities lies in the right to use,not ownership,and the commodities do not have physical movement during the circulation process.Buyers have no right to dispose of the commodities,but can only use the commodities for their own use by virtue of the secret key,while owners transfer the right to use multiple times by splitting the certificate of the right to use.

关 键 词：平台经济 数据商品 数字劳动 自生长周期 产权分离 

分 类 号：F014.3[经济管理—政治经济学]