秦岭南麓萱草属植物种质资源遗传多样性的RAPD分析  

RAPD Analysis of Genetic Diversity of Hemerocallis fulva Germplasm Resources in Southern Qinling Mountain

作　　者：刘长命[1] 李彩云 张姣 Liu Changming;Li Caiyun;Zhang Jiao(Shangluo University,Shangluo,726000;College of Life Science,Shanxi Normal University,Xi'an,710119;College of Life Science,Northwest A&FUniversity,Yangling,712100)

机构地区：[1]商洛学院,商洛726000 [2]陕西师范大学生命科学学院,西安710119 [3]西北农林科技大学生命科学学院,杨凌712100

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2024年第10期3264-3273,共10页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202011396025);陕西省重点研发计划项目(2020NY-054);商洛学院博士基金项目(15SKY026)共同资助。

摘　　要：为了探明秦岭南麓萱草属种质资源的现状,以秦岭不同生境23份野生萱草(Hemerocallis fulva L.)资源和黄花菜栽培种‘沙苑花’为试材,采用RAPD技术,从35条随机引物中筛选出11条多态性好的引物对24份萱草种质材料进行遗传多样性分析。结果显示,24份样本共获得492个扩增位点,其中多态性条带446个,占90.7%,各样本的多态性比率从80.0%到96.9%。遗传距离矩阵和UPGMA聚类分析显示,24份材料之间遗传距离为0.00~0.69,在0.65阈值时可将24份材料分为3大类,其中23号黄花菜野生种聚为一类,黄色花,24号黄花菜栽培品种‘沙苑花’聚为一类,花也呈黄色,其他采样地的野生萱草样本聚为一类,花色从橘黄至橘红色;花径大小、株高等特征与样地的生境间未表现出明显规律,生物学性状变化差异较大。总体来看,秦岭分布的萱草属植物在种间或种内均存在丰富的遗传多样性,也表现出聚类分析结果与种质资源地理分布间的不一致性,该结果对中国萱草属植物及其他地被植物种质资源的收集、保存和育种工作具有一定的借鉴意义。In order to investigate Hemerocallis germplasm resources in the south of Qinling Mountain,totally 23 wild Hemerocallis fulva resources from different habitats in Qinling Mountain,23 wild Hemerocallis fulva resources and the cultivated variety of yellow cabbage'Shayuanhua'from different habitats in the Qinling Mountain were used as test materials.RAPD technology was used to select 11 primers with good polymorphism from 35 random primers for genetic diversity analysis of 24 Hemerocallis germplasm materials.The results showed that a total of 492 amplified sites were obtained from 24 samples,of which 446 were polymorphic bands,accounting for 90.7%,and the polymorphism rate ranged from 80.0%to 96.9%.The genetic distance matrix and UPGMA clustering analysis showed that the genetic distance between the 24 Hemerocallis materials ranged from 0.00~0.69.At the threshold of 0.65,total of 24 Hemerocallis materials could be divided into 3 categories,in which the wild germplasm No.23 and the cultivated variety'Shayuanhua'No.24 were clustered into each one category respectively,even though they are all yellow flowers.The wild Hemerocallis samples from other sampling sites were grouped into one category,and the colors range from orange to tangerine.However,there were no obvious regularities between flower diameter,plant height and the habitat condition,which showed great difference in biological traits.On the whole,the Hemerocallis germplasm resources distributed in southern Qinling Mountain had rich genetic diversity whether among interspecies or intraspecies variation,but the inconsistency between the results of cluster analysis and geographical distribution also existed.All these results should have a certain reference significance for the collection,preservation and breeding of Hemerocallis resources and other groundcover germplasm resources in China.

关 键 词：秦岭 萱草(Hemerocallis fulva) 随机扩增多态性 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：S682.19[农业科学—观赏园艺]