山西省杏地方品种资源表型性状的遗传多样性分析  

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Apricot Landraces Resources by Phenotypic Traits in Shanxi Province

作　　者：狄红梅[1] 王学府[1] 张春芬 Di Hongmei;Wang Xuefu;Zhang Chunfen(Jinzhong Vocational&Technical College,Jinzhong,030600;Pomology Institute,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taiyuan,030000)

机构地区：[1]晋中职业技术学院,晋中030600 [2]山西农业大学果树研究所,太原030000

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2024年第10期3335-3347,共13页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：国家科技基础性工作专项(2012FY110100-5)资助。

摘　　要：为了充分保护和开发利用地方杏种质资源,更多地了解和掌握该资源多样性和变异规律,本研究以山西省的59个杏地方品种为试验材料,对42个表型性状进行了遗传多样性分析,对19个数量性状进行了相关性、聚类和主成分分析。结果表明,23个质量性状的遗传多样性指数范围为0.20~1.71;19个数量性状的变异系数是11.11%~58.59%,平均值为34.23%。对19个数量性状的相关性分析,发现除枝条长度外,其他性状彼此间多存在一定的显著或极显著相关性。通过主成分分析,提取前6个主成分的累计贡献率为79.451%。依据19个数量性状对供试材料聚类分析,在欧式距离为18.5处,得到4个类群,其中第Ⅰ类叶片面积最大,可作为丰产品种加以开发;第Ⅱ类可作为培育高品质杏的种质资源;第Ⅲ类育种改良的潜力较大;第Ⅳ类育种价值独特。本研究表明山西省杏地方品种资源存在丰富的变异,为拓展杏育种亲本材料提供了有力的遗传物质保证,也为分子遗传学研究提供了大量表型数据。In order to fully protect,develop and utilize the germplasm resources of local apricot,and better understand and master the diversity and variation rules of this resource,this study used 59 apricot landrace in Shanxi Province as experimental materials,carried out genetic diversity analysis on 42 phenotypic traits,and carried out correlation,clustering and principal component analysis on 19 quantitative traits.The results showed that the genetic diversity index of 23 quality traits ranged from 0.20 to 1.71.The coefficient of variation for 19 quantitative traits is 11.11%~58.59%,with an average value of 34.23%.The correlation analysis of 19 quantitative traits found that there were significant or extremely significant correlations among other traits except for branch length.Through principal component analysis,the cumulative contribution rate of the first six principal components extracted is 79.451%.Based on 19 quantitative traits,cluster analysis was conducted on the tested materials.At a Euclidean distance of 18.5,four groups were obtained,among which the first group had the largest leaf area and could be developed as a high-yield variety.The second type can be used as a germplasm resource for cultivating high-quality apricots.The third type of breeding has great potential for improvement.The fourth type of breeding has unique value.This study shows that there are rich variations in landrace of apricot in Shanxi Province,which provides a strong genetic material guarantee for expanding apricot breeding parent materials,and also provides a large number of phenotypic data for molecular genetics research.

关 键 词：山西省 杏地方品种 表型性状 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：S662.2[农业科学—果树学]