大棚避雨栽培对芒果叶片表观特征和叶绿素荧光特性的影响  

Effects of Rain Shelter Cultivation on Apparent Characteristics and Photosynthetic Physiology of Mango Leaves

作　　者：唐莹莹[2] 陈永森[1,2] 彭鹏 唐玉娟[2] 李翔 冉梦阳 覃昱茗 郭丽梅[2] 赵英[2] 莫永龙[2] 黄国弟[1,2] 李日旺[1,2] Tang Yingying;Chen Yongsen;Peng Peng;Tang Yujuan;Li Xiang;Ran Mengyang;Qin Yuming;Guo Limei;Zhao Ying;Mo Yonglong;Huang Guodi;Li Riwang(Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Green and Efficient Development for Mango Industry,Guangxi Subtropical Crops Research Institute,Nanning,530001;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruits,Guangxi Subtropical Crops Research Institute,Nanning,530001)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区亚热带作物研究所,广西壮族自治区芒果产业绿色高效发展工程研究中心,南宁530001 [2]广西壮族自治区亚热带作物研究所,广西亚热带特色水果质量安全控制重点实验室,南宁530001

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2024年第10期3348-3354,共7页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：广西科技重大专项(桂科AA22068098);广西农业科学院基本科研业务专项(桂农科2021YT141,桂农科2021YT140);现代农业产业技术体系广西创新团队建设专项(nycytxgcxtd-2021-06-01)共同资助。

摘　　要：以‘南逗迈4号芒’为试验材料,对大棚避雨栽培和露地栽培方式下,叶片长度、宽度、厚度、卷曲度等表型指标以及叶绿素荧光参数进行比较,探讨大棚避雨栽培对芒果叶片表观特征和光合生理的影响,同时对叶片表型指标和叶绿素荧光参数进行相关性分析和主成分分析。结果表明,大棚避雨栽培条件下,芒果叶片变长、变宽、变薄、叶面积增大并且卷曲度变小;叶绿素荧光参数Fo、Fm、F’(Fs)升高,其中Fo达差异显著水平(P<0.05);Fv/Fm、Fv’/Fm’、NPQ、ETR、Fq’/Fm’降低,其中ETR、Fq’/Fm’达差异显著水平(P<0.05);叶片长度和宽度均与叶绿素荧光参数Fo值呈显著正相关;叶绿素荧光参数ETR、Fq’/Fm’和叶片的长度、宽度等是受栽培条件影响的主要光合生理指标。综上所述,棚内‘南逗迈4号芒’的光合速率和光合效率较露地均有所下降,但并未受到棚内环境胁迫,仍可正常生长。在南方雨水过多的地区可适当推广芒果避雨大棚栽培。The present experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of rain shelter cultivation on apparent characteristics and photosynthetic physiology of mango leaves.In this study,Nan Doc Mai No.4 mango'was used as material to compare the apparent characteristics such as leaf length,width,thickness,curl and chlorophyll fluorescence under rain shelter cultivation and open field cultivation.At the same time,correlation analysis and principal component analysis were used to analyze the apparent characteristics and chlorophyll fluorescence of mango leaves.The results indicated that under rain shelter cultivation,mango leaves become longer,wider,thinner,with increased leaf area and reduced curl.The chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of Fo,Fm,and F(Fs)increased,and there was significant difference in Fo(P<0.05).The chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of Fv/Fm,Fv/Fm',NPQ,ETR,and Fq/Fm'decreased,and there was significant difference in ETR and Fq/Fm'(P<0.05).The length and width of leaves are positively correlated with Fo.Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters such as ETR,Fq'/Fm',and leaf length and width are the main photosynthetic physiological indicators affected by cultivation conditions.In conclusion,the photosynthetic rate and efficiency of'Nan Doc Mai No.4 mango'in rain shelter have decreased compared to those in the open field.Mango can grow normally without environmental stress in rain shelter.Thus the rain shelter cultivation model can be promoted in mango planting areas in southern pluvial regions of China.

关 键 词：南逗迈4号芒 避雨栽培 叶绿素荧光 

分 类 号：S667.7[农业科学—果树学]