2023年贵州省首例Y群流行性脑脊髓膜炎病例调查  

Investigation of the first case of group Y meningococcal meningitis in Guizhou province,2023

作　　者：芮莉萍[1] 刘淳婷[1] 刘铭[1] 赵玲璐 祝俊[2] 冯磊[2] 刘林 杨成香 潘春柳 雷世光[1] Rui Liping;Liu Chunting;Liu Ming;Zhao Linglu;Zhu Jun;Feng Lei;Liu Lin;YangChengxiang;Pan Chunliu;Lei Shiguang(Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guiyang 550004,Guizhou,China;Qiannan Prefecture Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Qiannan 558003,Guizhou,China;Weng'an County Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Qiannan 550400,Guizhou,China;Guiyang Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guiyang 550003,Guizhou,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省疾病预防控制中心,贵州贵阳550004 [2]黔南州疾病预防控制中心,贵州黔南558003 [3]瓮安县疾病预防控制中心,贵州黔南550400 [4]贵阳市疾病预防控制中心,贵州贵阳550003

出　　处：《中国疫苗和免疫》2024年第2期165-168,共4页Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization

摘　　要：目的对贵州省首例Y群流行性脑脊髓膜炎(流脑)病例进行鉴定。方法开展病例流行病学调查,采集病例脑脊液以及密切接触者和相关健康人群咽拭子标本,开展脑膜炎奈瑟菌(Neisseria meningitidis,Nm)核酸检测或分离培养,鉴定Nm血清群。结果该病例9岁,2023年11月28日发病,未接种含Y群成分脑膜炎球菌疫苗,发病前无外出史,Y群Nm核酸检测阳性;在病例的46例家庭和小学师生密切接触者中1例Y群Nm核酸检测阳性,为病例的兄长,其所在中学师生Y群Nm核酸阳性率为20.55%(30/146)。病例所在县其他健康人群Y群Nm核酸阳性率为0.33%(1/305)。病例经住院治疗后康复,其他Y群Nm阳性者预防性服药3 d后均转为阴性。未发生续发病例。结论贵州省首例Y群流脑病例为本地Nm携带者传播所致,及时隔离治疗和预防性服药可遏制Nm传播。建议加强适龄儿童含Y群成分脑膜炎球菌疫苗接种。Objective To describe the first case of group Y meningococcal meningitis in Guizhou province.Methods We conducted an epidemiological case investigation and collected cerebrospinal fluid specimens from the case and throat swab specimens from close contacts and healthy individuals.We tested for Neisseria meningitides nucleic acid or cultured Nm from isolates to identify Nm serogroup.Results The 9-year-old affected child became ill on 28 November,2023.The child had not received group Y Nm vaccination and had no relevant travel history before illness onset.The child tested positive for group Y Nm nucleic acid.Among 46 close contacts in the child’s family and primary school,only one-his brother-was positive for group Y Nm nucleic acid.In the middle school of his brother,20.55%(30/146)were positive for group Y Nm.In a healthy population in the local county,the positivity rate of group Y Nm nucleic acid was 0.33%(1/305).The affected child recovered during hospitalization and all group Y Nm positive individuals became negative to Nm after 3 days of prophylactic medication.No secondary cases occurred.Conclusions The first group Y meningococcal meningitis case in Guizhou was caused by local Nm carriers.Rapid isolation treatment and prophylactic medication may have contained Nm spread.We suggest enhancing group Y Nm vaccination of age-eligible children.

关 键 词：流行性脑脊髓膜炎 脑膜炎奈瑟菌 Y血清群 调查 处置 

分 类 号：R183.3[医药卫生—流行病学]