血清学检测在识别新型冠状病毒感染和重复感染中的应用  

Use of serological assays for identifying SARS-CoV-2 infection and reinfection

作　　者：郭旭 程祖瑶 高艺轩 宋渝丹[1,2] 李军宏[1,2] 王亚敏[1,2] 郑徽[1,2] 马超[1,2] 冯子健 Guo Xu;Cheng Zuyao;Gao Yixuan;Song Yudan;Li Junhong;Wang Yamin;Zheng Hui;Ma Chao;Feng Zijian(National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 102206,China;National Immunization Program,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100050,China;NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases,National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 102206,China;Chinese Preventive Medicine Association,Beijing 100062,China)

机构地区：[1]传染病溯源预警与智能决策全国重点实验室,中国疾病预防控制中心,北京102206 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心免疫规划中心,北京100050 [3]国家卫生健康委医学病毒和病毒病重点实验室,中国疾病预防控制中心病毒病预防控制所,北京102206 [4]中华预防医学会,北京100062

出　　处：《中国疫苗和免疫》2024年第2期252-257,共6页Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC2301600);中华预防医学会新冠疫情防控模型研究项目。

摘　　要：新型冠状病毒已感染了全世界绝大多数人。新型冠状病毒感染的无症状比例较高,无症状者往往不就医,因而目前基于流感样病例的疾病监测和流行病学研究往往低估新型冠状病毒感染率。核酸检测和抗原检测用于识别近期的新型冠状病毒感染,且由于灵敏度的限制可能发生漏诊。血清学检测在流行病学研究中常用于识别新型冠状病毒感染和重复感染,但尚无公认的检测方法和判断标准。本文总结了目前真实世界研究中常用于判断新型冠状病毒感染和重复感染的方法,为未来有关研究设计和实施提供依据。Most of the world’s population has been infected with SARS-CoV-2.Surveillance and epidemiological studies of SARS-CoV-2 infection,based on influenza-like illness,often underestimate infection rates because asymptomatic individuals seldom seek medical attention.Nucleic acid and antigen tests are used to identify early infections but may miss some infected individuals due to sensitivity limitations.Serological assays are frequently used to identify SARS-CoV-2 infections and reinfections in epidemiological research,but none have become standardized criteria for infection and reinfection.In this article,we summarize methods that are commonly used to identify SARS-CoV-2 infection and reinfection in real-world research to provide evidence for relevant study design and conduct.

关 键 词：新型冠状病毒 血清学检测 自然感染 重复感染 

分 类 号：R181[医药卫生—流行病学]