基于全波形采样的脉冲激光信号检测系统设计  

Design of Pulse Laser Signal Detection System Based on Full Waveform Sampling

作　　者：叶茂 程伟博 赵毅强 宋毅恒[2] 段文浩 包为政 Ye Mao;Cheng Weibo;Zhao Yiqiang;Song Yiheng;Duan Wenhao;Bao Weizheng(School of Microelectronics,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China;Science and Technology on Electro-Optical Information Security Control Laboratory,Tianjin 300308,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学微电子学院,天津300072 [2]光电信息控制和安全技术重点实验室,天津300308

出　　处：《激光与光电子学进展》2024年第5期260-266,共7页Laser & Optoelectronics Progress

摘　　要：为实现脉冲激光回波信号参数的高精度测量,利用全波形采样技术设计了一种微弱激光信号检测系统,对信号的脉宽、实时功率以及能量等参数进行分析。所提系统硬件平台使用低噪声宽动态范围模拟前端进行信号预处理,基于现场可编程逻辑门阵列、模数转换器等模块实现数据量化与动态时域锁存。针对低采样率平台数据离散程度高引起的波形重构失真,提出了一种基于非均匀周期触发信号的多帧积累算法以降低硬件平台成本。通过对量化数据的拟合补偿,所提算法提升了系统激光信号参数的解算精度。所提系统对脉宽3 ns、峰值功率9μW的脉冲激光器进行参数检测并与高采样率平台进行对比。结果表明:所提系统对激光信号的脉宽解算误差约为0.041 ns,峰值功率解算误差约为0.53μW,能量积分误差约为4.52 fJ,所有参数重复测量不确定度小于8%。In order to realize the high-precision measurement of pulsed laser echo signal parameters,a weak laser signal detection system that can analyze the pulse width,real-time power and energy parameters of the signal is designed by using full waveform sampling technology.The system hardware platform uses a low-noise wide-dynamic range analog front-end for signal preprocessing.The system realizes data quantization and dynamic time-domain latch based on field programmable gate array,analog to digital converter and other modules.In order to reduce the cost of the hardware platform,a multi-frame accumulation algorithm based on nonuniform periodic trigger signal is proposed to reduce the distortion of waveform reconstruction caused by high discreteness of data on low sampling rate platform.By fitting and compensating the quantized data,the algorithm improves the calculation accuracy of the system laser signal parameters.The system detects the parameters of a pulsed laser with 3 ns pulse width and 9μW peak power and compared with the high sampling rate platform.The results show that the calculation error of the proposed system for laser signal pulse width is about 0.041 ns,peak power calculation error is about 0.53μW,energy integration error is about 4.52 fJ and uncertainty of repeated measurement with all parameters is less than 8%.

关 键 词：脉冲激光器 微弱能量测量 高斯拟合 全波形数据 

分 类 号：TN247[电子电信—物理电子学]