基于高空飞机激光通信的轨迹预报、跟踪和指向系统  

Orbit Forecasting,Tracking,and Pointing System Based on High-Altitude Aircraft Laser Communication

作　　者：焦崇淼 贺岩[1] 胡善江[1] 侯春鹤 陈勇强 陈卫标[1] Jiao Chongmiao;He Yan;Hu Shanjiang;Hou Chunhe;Chen Yongqiang;Chen Weibiao(Key Laboratory of Space Laser Communication and Detection Technology,Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 201800,China;Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Studies,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Hangzhou,310024,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所空间激光传输与探测技术重点实验室,上海201800 [2]中国科学院大学材料与光电研究中心,北京100049 [3]国科大杭州高等研究院,浙江杭州310024

出　　处：《光学学报》2024年第6期229-237,共9页Acta Optica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFC2808104)。

摘　　要：针对水下平台与高空飞机的激光通信中有效通信时间短、使用信标光的捕获对准时间较长、链路不易建立的问题,设计了一套基于水下平台的高空飞机轨迹预报跟踪及指向系统。系统根据飞机发送的航行参数对飞机轨道进行预报,并驱动伺服电机进行跟踪指向。仿真分析了轨道预报算法的误差,并将轨道预报算法应用在实际实验中。实验结果表明,水下平台接收到航行参数后,能在2 s内建立上行通信链路。该算法能够在0.6 s内预测60 s内的轨道位置,误差小于350 m,对应的理论指向误差不超过0.51 mrad。通过比较指向电机的实时反馈与理论指向角,得到系统的指向误差为0.77 mrad。所设计的系统在满足通信指向精度的同时缩短了链路的建立时间,为水下平台与高空激光系统的猝发激光通信提供了具有高可靠性的保障。Objective During communication between the high-altitude aircraft and the underwater platform,the high-altitude aircraft moves faster and passes through the area where the underwater platform is located in a shorter time.Additionally,limitations of the receiving field of view and laser emission window of the underwater platform restrict the effective communication time,impeding the establishment of a constant optical link.The utilization of a beacon light-based communication method extends the capture time and adds complexity to the link establishment in the underwater communication platform system.To overcome these challenges,a tracking and pointing system based on the orbit forecasting of the underwater platform is devised to establish an uplink between the underwater platform and high-altitude aircraft.Method In contrast to the acquisition,tracking,and pointing(ATP)systems employed in space laser communications,the system we developed eliminates the need for an acquisition module.Instead,the underwater platform is required to obtain the real-time position of the aircraft during communication to achieve precise pointing of the aircraft.Several theoretical algorithms for orbit forecasting are assessed,and the Runge-Kutta method is selected for its computational efficiency.The laser pointing system structure is designed for an underwater platform,and the correlation between the motor rotation angles in two directions and the aircraft coordinates is derived.Subsequently,we develop computer software to simulate and analyze the orbit forecasting algorithm and pointing angles,which leads to the evaluation of the error results and running time.The findings support the feasibility of the tracking pointing method based on orbit forecasting.The system consists of several modules,including the laser receiver,transmitter,servo motor controller,attitude sensor,and field programmable gate array(FPGA)master control modules.To improve the reception sensitivity,the system utilizes a photomultiplier tube(PMT)with heightened sens

关 键 词：激光通信 跟踪 指向系统 指向精度 轨迹预报 

分 类 号：TN929.1[电子电信—通信与信息系统]