水稻穗部性状QTL定位及候选基因分析  

Mapping of QTLs Associated with Rice Panicle Traits and Candidate Gene Analysis

作　　者：朱超宇 胡程翔 朱哲楠 张芷宁 汪理海 陈钧 李三峰[2] 连锦瑾 唐璐瑶 钟芊芊 殷文晶 王跃星[2] 饶玉春[1] Chaoyu Zhu;Chengxiang Hu;Zhenan Zhu;Zhining Zhang;Lihai Wang;Jun Chen;Sanfeng Li;Jinjin Lian;Luyao Tang;Qianqian Zhong;Wenjing Yin;Yuexing Wang;Yuchun Rao(College of Life Sciences,Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua 321004,China;State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology,China National Rice Research Institute,Hangzhou 310006,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学生命科学学院,金华321004 [2]中国水稻研究所水稻生物育种全国重点实验室,杭州310006

出　　处：《植物学报》2024年第2期217-230,共14页Chinese Bulletin of Botany

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金(No.LZ23C130003);2024年国家级大学生创新创业训练计划;2024年浙江省大学生科技创新活动计划暨新苗人才计划。

摘　　要：水稻(Oryza sativa)穗部性状与产量直接相关,其相关基因的挖掘与功能解析对于保障国家粮食安全意义重大。以籼稻华占(HZ)和粳稻热研2号(Nekken2)及构建的120个重组自交系(RILs)为实验材料,测定了穗长、每穗粒数、结实率、柱头外露率及一次枝梗数等穗部性状。结合高密度分子遗传图谱进行QTL定位,结果共检测到31个QTLs,分别位于第1、2、3、4、5、6、10和11号染色体上,其中2个位点的LOD值分别高达5.45与5.28。通过分析筛选QTL区间内可能影响穗部性状的相关基因,并利用qRT-PCR进行基因表达检测,发现LOC_Os05g05490、LOC_Os05g06150、LOC_Os03g11700、LOC_Os03g12430、LOC_Os05g28720、LOC_Os05g30890、LOC_Os05g31740和LOC_Os02g17880在双亲间的表达水平差异显著。其中,前5个基因编码三角状五肽重复蛋白,而后3个基因编码糖基转移酶。研究挖掘到31个与穗部性状相关的QTLs,为进一步定位和克隆相关基因,从而选育高产水稻新品种奠定理论基础。Rice panicle traits have a distinct effect on yield,and the exploration and research of related genes play a crucial role in ensuring national food security.In this study,we used the indica rice HZ,the japonica rice Nekken2 and 120 recombinant inbred lines population constructed from them as experimental materials to measure panicle length,grain number per panicle,seed-setting rate,stigma exsertion rate,number of primary branches and other panicle traits.We combined the high-density genetic map for QTL mapping,a total of 31 QTLs were detected on chromosome 1,2,3,4,5,6,10 and 11,among which 2 LOD values were as high as 5.45 and 5.28.By analyzing the candidate genes in the QTL interval,the related genes that may affect the panicle traits were screened out,and qRT-PCR was used for gene expression analysis,which revealed that the expression levels of LOC_Os05g05490,LOC_Os05g06150,LOC_Os03g11700,LOC_Os03g12430,LOC_Os05g28720,LOC_Os05g30890,LOC_Os05g31740 and LOC_Os02g17880 were significantly different between the parents.Among these genes,the first five genes encode tripartite pentapeptide repeat proteins,while the latter three genes encode glycosyltransferases.This study identified 31 QTLs related to panicle traits,laying a theoretical basis for further localization and cloning of related genes and breeding new high-yield rice varieties.

关 键 词：水稻 穗部性状 QTL定位 候选基因 高产 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]