碳纤维边角料增强TPU纳米复合材料的制备与电热性能  

Preparation and electrothermal performance of TPU nanocomposite materials reinforced by carbon fiber scraps

作　　者：崔晓凤 郑茂林 张娜[1] 黄明[1] 高国利 CUI Xiaofeng;ZHENG Maolin;ZHANG Na;HUANG Ming;GAO Guoli(Key Laboratory of Material Molding Process and Molding of Ministry of Education,National Engineering Research Center for Rubber Plastic Mould Technology,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450002,China;Shenzhen Silver Basis Technology CO.,LTD.,Shenzhen 518108,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学、材料成型及模具技术教育部重点实验室,橡塑模具国家工程研究中心,郑州450002 [2]深圳市银宝山新科技股份有限公司,深圳518108

出　　处：《复合材料学报》2024年第4期1862-1869,共8页Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica

基　　金：河南省重大科技专项(221100240400);深圳市科技计划(CJGJZD20210408092602006)。

摘　　要：随着碳纤维(CF)需求量的增加,CF边角料急剧增多,造成了极大的资源浪费。为解决这一问题,采用抽滤法将CF边角料制备成短切碳纤维(SCF)毡,以碳纳米管(CNT)作为二次填料,通过真空热压工艺制备了CF边角料增强热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)纳米复合电热材料(CNTx-SCF/TPU)。通过SEM、TGA、DSC等对复合材料进行测试分析,探究了CNT的最佳浓度,研究了CNTx-SCF/TPU复合材料的力学性能和电热性能等。结果表明:采用克重为60 g/m2的SCF毡、CNT浓度为1.0 g/mL时制备的CNT1.0-SCF/TPU复合材料具有最高的电导率,达到417.84 S/m,与不添加CNT的SCF/TPU相比其电导率提高了34.78%;CNT1.0-SCF/TPU复合材料在3.5 V低电压下,240 s内即能达到约165℃的高温,具有优异电热性能,并具备电热温度可控、电热性能稳定等优点。With the increase in the demand for carbon fiber(CF),CF scraps have increased dramatically,resulting in a great waste of resources.To solve this problem,CNTx-SCF/TPU electrothermal nanocomposite materials were prepared by using short carbon fiber(SCF)felt fabricated by CF scraps through filtration method,with carbon nanotubes(CNT)as secondary filler and thermoplastic polyurethane(TPU)as the matrix,via vacuum hot pressing process.The composite materials were tested and analyzed using SEM,TGA,DSC,etc.,and the optimal concentration of CNT was investigated.The mechanical and electrothermal properties of CNTx-SCF/TPU composite materials were studied.The results show that CNT1.0-SCF/TPU composite material exhibits highest electrical conductivity of 417.84 S/m using 60 g/m2 SCF felt and a CNT concentration of 1.0 g/mL,representing a 34.78%improvement compared to the SCF/TPU without CNT.CNT1.0-SCF/TPU composite exhibit significantly improved electrothermal performance at a low voltage of 3.5 V,reaching a temperature of approximately 165℃in 240 s.It also represents advantages such as precise and stable electrothermal temperature control.

关 键 词：碳纤维 聚氨酯 碳纳米管 复合材料 电热性能 力学性能 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]