氧化麦秸/聚乳酸复合材料力学性能的响应面工艺优化  

Optimization of response surface methodology and performance of oxidized wheat straw/polylactic acid composites

作　　者：廖承钢 阮久锠 李新功[1] 左迎峰[1] LIAO Chenggang;RUAN Jiuchang;LI Xingong;ZUO Yingfeng(College of Materials Science and Engineering,Central South University of Forestry and Technology,Changsha 410004,China)

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学材料科学与工程学院,长沙410004

出　　处：《复合材料学报》2024年第4期2065-2073,共9页Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica

基　　金：湖南省教育厅科学研究重点项目(18A157);湖湘青年英才计划(2019RS2040)。

摘　　要：为解决麦秸纤维/聚乳酸(WF/PLA)复合材料界面相容性较差的问题,以H2O2作为氧化剂处理麦秸,采用响应面试验法探究H2O2的pH、处理温度、质量比对氧化麦秸纤维(OWF)/PLA复合材料力学性能的影响,得到各因素对复合材料力学性能的影响规律。结果表明:pH和处理温度、pH和质量比、处理温度和质量比之间均表现出明显的交互作用。回归方程预测的最佳工艺参数如下:H2O2的pH为8.9,H2O2的处理温度为52.3℃,H2O2的质量比为2%。在此条件下,复合材料的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率分别为38.89 MPa和7.85%,较未改性前分别提高了15.64%和15.20%。FTIR结果表明,OWF中的部分羟基被H2O2氧化为羧基。SEM结果表明,OWF能够更好地与PLA进行结合,经过熔融共混后制备的复合材料之间具有更好的界面相容性。此外,XRD和DSC结果表明,H2O2的加入促进了聚合物的异相成核过程,使其结晶度有所提高。To solve the problem of poor interfacial compatibility of wheat straw fiber/poly(lactic acid)(WF/PLA)composites,WF was treated with H2O2 as oxidant,and the effects of pH,treatment temperature,and mass ratio of H2O2 on the mechanical properties of oxidized wheat straw fiber(OWF)/PLA composites were investigated by response surface method.The results show that there is a significant interaction between pH and treatment temperature,pH and mass ratio,and treatment temperature and mass ratio.The optimal process parameters predicted by the regression equation are as follows:The pH of H2O2 is 8.9,the treatment temperature of H2O2 is 52.3℃,and the mass ratio of H2O2 is 2%.Under these conditions,the tensile strength and elongation at break of the composite material are 38.89 MPa and 7.85%respectively,which are 15.64%and 15.20%higher than before modification.FTIR results indicate that some hydroxyl groups in OWF are oxidized to carboxyl groups by H2O2.SEM results indicate that OWF can better bind with PLA,and the composite materials prepared after melt blending have better interfacial compatibility.In addition,XRD and DSC results indicate that the addition of H2O2 promotes the heterogeneous nucleation process of the polymer,resulting in an increase in its crystallinity.

关 键 词：麦秸纤维/聚乳酸复合材料 力学性能 氧化处理 拉伸性能 界面相容性 响应面法 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]