中试紫外/氯工艺对饮用水中微量有机污染物及消毒副产物的削减  

Elimination of trace organic contaminants and disinfection by-products in drinking water by a pilot-scale UV/chlorine process

作　　者：刘丽忠 李一繁 尤立[3] 陈榕汶 王亮 王平[5] 董慧峪[2] 李文涛[2] 强志民[3] LIU Lizhong;LI Yifan;YOU Li;CHEN Rongwen;WANG Liang;WANG Ping;DONG Huiyu;LI Wentao;QIANG Zhimin(School of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering,East China University of Technology,Nanchang 330013,China;Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China;State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China;Shaoxing Shangyu Water Supply Co.Ltd.,Shaoxing 312300,China;East China University of Technology,Nanchang 330013,China)

机构地区：[1]东华理工大学水资源与环境工程学院,南昌330013 [2]中国科学院生态环境研究中心饮用水科学与技术重点实验室,北京100085 [3]中国科学院生态环境研究中心环境水质学国家重点实验室,北京100085 [4]绍兴市上虞区供水有限公司,绍兴312300 [5]东华理工大学,南昌330013

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2024年第3期709-717,共9页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金(8212037);江西省研究生创新基金(YC2022-s624,YC2021-S649);江西省自然科学基金(20202BABL214039);东华理工大学博士科研启动金(DHBK2018064);东华理工大学实验技术开发项目(DHSY-202264);江西省教育厅科学技术研究项目(GJJ2200770)。

摘　　要：针对水源微污染等问题,在某饮用水厂开展紫外/氯高级氧化工艺深度处理滤后水的中试研究,探究不同工艺条件下水中微量有机污染物(TrOCs,traceorganiccontaminants)的去除及消毒副产物(DBPs,disinfectionbyproducts)的控制机制。结果表明,紫外/氯工艺可高效去除滤后水中的异丙甲草胺、多菌灵、吡虫啉等农药,上述基础工况下其总体去除率为87.1%。提高紫外剂量对各类农药去除率的提升效果优于增大加氯量。水中全氟化合物(PFCs,perfluorinated compounds)的去除效率一般,其中全氟辛酸(PFOA,Perfluorooctanoic acid)去除率(46.4%)相对最高,而部分工况下全氟己酸(PFHxA,perfluorocaproic acid)等出现浓度升高的情况,说明在紫外/氯高级氧化过程中可能存在长链PFCs向短链PFCs转化的降解途径。紫外/氯高级氧化过程伴随着一定量的三氯甲烷(TCM,trichloromethane)等DBPs的生成(≤8.8μg·L^(-1)),但工艺出水的消毒副产物生成势(DBPsFP,formation potential of DBPs)下降明显,且加氯量越高消毒副产物的生成势越低,其最低值(12.9μg·L^(-1))相较于处理前降幅达到66.3%。对滤后水中常规有机物指标进行分析,发现紫外/氯工艺可以强化去除滤后水中的芳香性和荧光性有机物,工艺出水的比紫外吸光度(SUVA)降至1.0 L·(mg·m)^(-1)以下,3类荧光组分的去除率在41.8%~71.6%。相关性分析结果表明,紫外/氯处理过程中DBPs的生成及后续DBPsFP的大小主要取决于水中荧光性/芳香性有机物组分的含量。Against the background of water sources being contaminated by micropollutants,a pilot-scale UV/chlorine system was set up in a drinking water treatment plant to explore the efficacy and mechanism of trace organic contaminants removal as well as the elimination of disinfection by-products and the formation potentials under different process conditions.Results show that the UV/chlorine process was efficient in removing metolachlor,carbendazim,imidacloprid and other pesticides found in the sand-filtered water.A gross removal efficiency of 87.1%was achieved under the benchmark operation condition,while an elevated UV fluence was more beneficial than an increased chlorine dose.The removal of perfluorinated compounds(PFCs)by UV/chlorine was relatively low with the largest removal efficiency found with perfluorooctanoic acid(PFOA),which was 46.4%.The content of perfluorohexanoic acid(PFHxA)was found to increase under some operation conditions.This indicates that the transformation of long-chain PFCs to short-chain PFCs could exist during the process.Meanwhile,disinfection by-products(DBPs)consisting mainly of trichloromethane(TCM)were generated with a maximum concentration of 8.8μg·L^(-1),yet the disinfection by-products formation potential(DBPsFP)of the effluent decreased significantly.The minimum DBPsFP occurred with the largest chlorine dose,which was 12.9μg·L^(-1),66.3%lower than that before UV/chlorine treatment.Moreover,the changes in dissolved organic matter in the sand-filtered water were characterized with parameters such as the UV absorbance at 254 nm(UV254)and fluorescence excitation emission matrix.The aromatic and fluorescent constitutions of the organics were reduced significantly by UV/chlorine treatment as evidenced by the lowered SUVA(<1.0 L·mg^(-1)·m^(-1))and the prominent removal efficiencies of the three identified fluorescent compositions(41.8%~71.6%).A correlation analysis was conducted which revealed the strong correlations between the formed DBPs or the subsequent DBPsFP and the contents of

关 键 词：紫外/氯 饮用水 农药 全氟化合物 消毒副产物 消毒副产物生成势 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]