《刑法》对民营企业权益平等保护的贯彻及制度改进——基于《刑法修正案(十二)》的思考  

Add to FavoriteImplementation and Improvement of the Equal Protection of the Rights and Interests of Private Enterprises in the Criminal Law--Reflections on the Amendment XⅡ to PRC Criminal Law

作　　者：赖早兴[1] Lai Zaoxing

机构地区：[1]湘潭大学法学院,湖南湘潭411105

出　　处：《法律科学（西北政法大学学报）》2024年第3期149-159,共11页Science of Law：Journal of Northwest University of Political Science and Law

基　　金：湖南省社会科学成果评审委员会课题(XFP2023XC172)“不追究刑事责任制度研究”。

摘　　要：根据党的政策和宪法规定,各部门法应当平等保护不同性质企业的合法权益。但《刑法》在保护民营企业合法权益方面未充分贯彻党的政策和宪法中的平等精神。《刑法修正案(十二)》对《刑法》第165条、第166条和第169条的规定做了修正,将民营企业的人员纳入相应罪名的犯罪主体,并且法定刑的配置上不再因企业性质的差异而有不同。这是刑法贯彻落实党的政策和宪法中平等保护精神的重大进步。但刑法总则关于刑法任务和犯罪概念的规定中仍有不平等因素,刑法分则有数个罪名因企业性质差异而出现构罪条件和法定刑配置上的不同。应当全面审视《刑法》的规定,删除因企业性质不同而出现的不平等规定,实现民营企业与国有企业权益保护的平等。According to the policies of the Party and the provisions of the Constitution, all departmental laws shall equally protect the legitimate rights and interests of enterprises in different natures. However, in protecting the legitimate rights and interests of private enterprises, the Criminal Law fails to fully implement the spirit of equality of the Party's policies and the constitutional provisions.The Amendment XII to PRC Criminal Law has revised the provisions of Article 165, Article 166 and Article 169, incorporating personnel of private enterprises in the criminal subjects of the corresponding crimes, and the allocation of statutory penalties will no longer be different due to differences in the nature of enterprises. This is a major step forward in the implementation of the spirit of equal protection in the criminal law. However, there are still unequal factors in the provisions of the general provisions of the criminal law on the tasks of criminal law and the concept of crime, and there are several crimes in the sub-provisions of the criminal law that differ in the conditions for crime construction and the statutory configuration due to differences in the nature of enterprises.We should comprehensively review the provisions of the Criminal Law, remove the unequal provisions arising from the different nature of enterprises, and realize the equal protection of the rights and interests of private enterprises.

关 键 词：《刑法修正案(十二)》 国有企业 民营企业 平等保护 

分 类 号：D924.1[政治法律—刑法学]