北京市某区职业性尘肺病患者现状调查  

Investigation on status of patients with occupational pneumoconiosis in a district of Beijing City

作　　者：胡洁[1] 胡在方[1] 周国伟[1] 张丽 甄国新[1] HU Jie;HU Zaifang;ZHOU Guowei;ZHANG Li;ZHEN Guoxin(Institute of Occupational and Radiological Health,Shunyi Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing,101300,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市顺义区疾病预防控制中心职业与放射卫生科,北京101300

出　　处：《职业与健康》2024年第5期609-612,共4页Occupation and Health

基　　金：北京市重点职业病监测与风险评估分支子项目(BJZW2018-09)。

摘　　要：目的了解北京市某区职业性尘肺病患者的现状,为政府等相关部门制定尘肺病保障及救治政策提供参考依据。方法将2001-2020年北京市某区报告的全部职业性尘肺病患者作为调查对象,采取电话随访的方式,对尘肺病患者年龄、性别、地区、尘肺期别、类型、病种、诊断年龄、接尘工龄、行业、企业规模、经济类型、社会保障和并发症情况等进行描述分析。结果截至2020年底,某区累计报告职业性尘肺病132例,其中尘肺壹期54例(40.91%),贰期36例(27.27%),叁期42例(31.82%),尘肺病病种分布以矽肺(112例,84.85%)为主。不同期别患者性别间差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=6.217,P<0.05),不同期别患者接尘工龄和诊断年龄差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。132例尘肺病患者,实际随访130例,随访率为98.48%,其中存活112例(84.85%),死亡18例(13.64%);性别以女性(89例,67.42%)为主;尘肺病病种分布以矽肺(112例,84.85%)为主;接尘工龄M(P25,P75)为12(8,16)年,诊断年龄为(52.43±10.67)岁。存活患者年龄分布以45~<55岁年龄组(47例,41.96%)最多,接尘工龄主要集中在5~20年(96例,85.71%),诊断年龄主要集中在40~<50和50~<60岁两个年龄段;111例存活尘肺病患者均至少落实了1项社会保障措施,主要为城乡居民基本医疗保险109例(97.32%),工伤保险30例(26.79%)。结论北京市某区尘肺病仍存在较高的续发风险,应切实做好源头管控和善后处置工作,持续加强尘肺病防治工作力度。Objective To understand the current situation of occupational pneumoconiosis patients in a district of Beijing City,provide scientific basis for the government and other departments to formulate pneumoconiosis protection and treatment policies.Methods All occupational pneumoconiosis patients reported in a district of Beijing City from 2001 to 2020 were selected,telephone follow-up was conducted to collect information.The descriptive analysis was performed on the age,gender,region,stage and type of pneumoconiosis,age of diagnosis,working years,industry,enterprise size,economic type,social security and comorbidities.Results By the end of 2020,a total of 132 cases were reported in a district of Beijing,including 54 cases(40.91%)of phage I,36 cases(27.27%)of phage II,and 42 cases(31.82%)of phage II,silicosis(112 cases,84.85%)was the predominant.There was a statistically significant difference in stage between the genders(χ^(2)=6.217,P<0.05),and there was no significant difference in the age of exposure to dust and the age at diagnosis among the patients at different stages(P>0.05).Among 132 pneumoconiosis patients,130 cases were actually followed up,with the follow up rate of 98.48%,of which 112 cases(84.85%)survived and 18 cases(13.64%)died.Most of cases were female(89 cases,67.42%)and silicosis was the dominant type of pneumoconiosis(112 cases,84.85%).The median length of exposure[M(P2s,Prs)]was 12(8,16)years.The average age of diagnosis was(52.43±10.67)years old.41.96%(47 cases)of survival cases were in the age group of 45-<55,96 cases(85.71%)were exposed to dust for 5-20 years,the age of diagnosis was mainly concentrated in 40-<50 years old and 50-<60 years old.Totally 111 survived cases had at least one social security,which were the basic medical insurance for urban and rural residents(109 cases,97.32%)and occupational injury insurance(30 cases,26.79%).Conclusion The risk of occupational pneumoconiosis is still high in a district of Beijing City,and it is necessary to effectively control the source and deal w

关 键 词：职业性尘肺病 矽肺 社会保障 

分 类 号：R135.2[医药卫生—劳动卫生]