发展主义人权观的奠基与传承——纪念李龙教授  

Foundation and Inheritance of the Development View of Human Rights-to Commemorate Professor Li Long

作　　者：张万洪[1] ZHANG Wanhong

机构地区：[1]武汉大学法学院

出　　处：《法学评论》2024年第3期25-36,共12页Law Review

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“习近平总书记关于尊重和保障人权的重要论述研究”(项目编号:22&ZD004)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：发展主义人权观以“人的全面发展”统筹发展与人权的关系,强调发展对于人权的基础作用,将生存权、发展权视为首要人权,建构具有中国特色的人权体系。自由主义人权观没有准确地理解发展与人权的内涵,未能发掘二者之间的底层逻辑,因此无法协调发展与人权的关系。马克思主义人权观认为人既是发展的主体,也是人权的主体,发展与人权被囊括在“人的全面发展”之中。以此为指导,发展主义人权观认为,社会各领域的全面发展是人权的基础,人权的目的在于实现人的全面发展。为了实现人权目的,应将生存权、发展权视为首要人权,但这不能成为牺牲其他基本人权的理由。随着全球发展环境的变化,“以人权为基础的发展”无法论证发展的优先性和各国探索本国人权道路的合理性。应在发展主义人权观和全球发展倡议指导下,将发展视为人权的基础,构建“以发展为基础的人权”理论。The developmentalist view of human rights takes the all-round development of human being as an overall balance between development and human rights,emphasizes the fundamental role of development for human rights,regards the rights to subsistence and development as the primary human rights,and constructs a human rights system with Chinese characteristics.The liberal human rights view cannot coordinate the relationship between development and human rights.It rigidly understands the connotation of development and human rights,and fails to explore the underlying logic.The Marxist view of human rights holds that man is the subject of both development and human rights,and development and human rights are included in the"all-round development of man".With the help of this theory,we can believe that the all-round development of all fields of society is the basis of human rights,and the purpose of human rights is to realize the all-round development of human beings.In order to realize the purpose of human rights,the right to survival and development should be regarded as the primary human rights,but this should not be a reason to sacrifice other basic human rights.With the changes in the global development environment,"human rights-based development"cannot prove the priority of development and the rationality of countries to explore their own human rights path.Development should be regarded as the basis of human rights and a"development-based human rights"theory should be built under the guidance of the developmentalist human rights concept and global development initiatives.

关 键 词：发展主义人权观 以发展为基础的人权 发展权利宣言 全球发展倡议 

分 类 号：D910[政治法律—法学]