知识产权法定赔偿的制度困局与裁量规范  

Dilemmas and Discretionary Norms of Intellectual Property Rights Statutory Damages

作　　者：杨涛[1] YANG Tao

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学法学院

出　　处：《法学评论》2024年第3期80-91,共12页Law Review

基　　金：国家社科基金后期资助项目“知识产权侵权损害赔偿数额认定方法研究”(项目编号:22FFXB065)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：我国知识产权法定赔偿从补充型、兜底性条款演变为主导型、绝对化的损害赔偿量化方法。这一趋势虽有违立法初衷和制度理性,却隐含着深刻的现实基础和内在诱因。现今,法定赔偿走向异质化,正遭逢立法与司法规范冲突、规则运行的肆意风险、价值指向模糊不明等诸多制度困境和法治危机。通过检讨,法定赔偿的司法主导模式存在强任意性和弱规范化的裁量结构缺陷,放任行使难免激发负面效能。认识论上,不宜简单将其视为司法效率优先的概念工具,而是秉持赔偿公正与司法效益协调统一的价值构造代之。基于此,在肯定司法必要裁量赋权的同时,我国知识产权立法应回归裁量规范的本旨要义,恪守妥帖的功能立场,围绕司法判赔裁量展开立法技术运用和要素规则指引,限制消解其不利因素,舒展张扬其优势特点,以契合知识产权侵权损害赔偿的目标与宗旨。As the basic defining system of intellectual property infringement damages,the statuary damage has been transferring from supplementary and overall protection provisions to dominance and absolute ones.Although the trend may obey the original purpose of legislative and institution rationality,it has its realistic basis and internal reason.Nowadays,the statuary damage is going to be alienation,when there have been so much problems of logical and legal system,such as the conflicts between legislative and judiciary,the risks of abusing operating mechanism and the vague of different values.In reflecting on the model that the administration of the justice play a leading role in statuary damage,there is a discretion defect—the arbitrary surpassing the normalize.If misusing the power,it might arouse negative effects.In epistemology,it should not only be seen as the concept tool in judiciary efficiency comes first,but also should keep the balanced value construct of the damage justice and judiciary efficiency.Based on what we discussed,when we affirm the discretion,the future legislative and judiciary of intellectual property should return to normalization,institution and systematize,which shall function properly and shall basing on the construction of discretion system,on the application of legislative technology and on the guidance of factor rules are carried out.According to that,they shall also eliminate their disadvantages and give play to complementary advantages to conforming to the justice goal of intellectual property right infringement compensation and to the spirit purpose of innovation incentive.

关 键 词：知识产权 损害 法定赔偿 裁量 

分 类 号：D923.4[政治法律—民商法学]