江苏某院尿培养污染率及尿路感染病原菌耐药性分析  

Analysis of urine culture contamination rate and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria of urinary tract infection in a hospital in Jiangsu Province

作　　者：史兔英 祝峰[1] Shi Tuying;Zhu Feng(Depertment of Laboratory,Jiangsu Provincial Corps Hospital,Chinese People's Armed Police Forces,Yangzhou,Jiangsu 225003,China)

机构地区：[1]武警江苏总队医院,江苏扬州225003

出　　处：《首都食品与医药》2024年第9期90-93,共4页Capital Food Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解武警江苏总队医院近5年尿培养标本污染情况,尿路感染病原菌种类及常见病原菌耐药性情况。方法采用回顾性分析方法,对2018年1月-2022年12月武警江苏总队医院临床送检的尿标本培养结果、分离的病原菌种类及其耐药性进行分析。结果2448例尿培养标本中阳性标本443例,女性标本阳性率24.37%,高于男性标本阳性率的15.28%,污染标本占7.03%。女性标本污染率10.01%,高于男性标本的5.68%。共分离出462株细菌,其中革兰阴性菌320株(69.26%),革兰阳性菌99株(21.43%),真菌43株(9.31%)。分离率最高的是大肠埃希菌。肺炎克雷伯菌对亚胺培南耐药率为34.09%,对美洛培南耐药率为11.36%。阿米卡星、美洛培南、亚胺培南对铜绿假单胞菌仍保持较强的抗菌活性。利奈唑胺、万古霉素、替加环素等对葡萄球菌有较好的疗效。耐万古霉素屎肠球菌占2.17%。结论武警江苏总队医院各科室尿培养污染率差异较大,需要规范各科室尿培养获取标本的流程环节以减少标本留取时的污染率。临床对疑似尿路感染的患者要及时送检尿标本进行培养,根据药敏试验结果合理地选用抗菌药物。Objective To understand the contamination of urine culture samples in our hospital in recent 5 years,the types of pathogens of urinary tract infection and the drug resistance of common pathogens.Methods A retrospective analysis method was used to analyze the culture results of urine samples submitted for clinical examination in our hospital from January 2018 to Decemher 2022,the types of pathogens isolated and their drug resistance.Results Among 2448 urine culture samples,443 cases were positive,the positive rate of female samples 24.37%was higher than that of male samples 15.28%,and the contaminated samples accounted for 7.03%.The contamination rate of female specimens was 10.01%,higher than that of male specimens 5.68%.A total of 462 strains of bacteria were isolated,including 320 gram-negative bacteria(69.26%),99 Gram-positive bacteria(21.43%)and 43 fungi(9.31%).The highest isolation rate was E.coli.The resistance rate of Klebsiella pneumoniae to imipenem was 34.09%,and the resistance rate to meropenem was 11.36%.Amikacin,meropenem and imipenem still maintained strong antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Linezolid,vancomycin and tigacycline have good effect on staphylococcus.Vancomycin-resistant enterococcus faecium accounted for 2.17%.Conclusion The contamination rate of urine culture in different departments of our hospital is quite different.We should standardize the process of obtaining urine culture specimens in different departments to reduce the contamination rate of urine culture specimens.Clinical patients suspected of urinary tract infection should be sent urine samples for culture in time,and antibiotics should be reasonably selected according to the identification ofdrug sensitivity results.

关 键 词：尿培养 尿路感染 病原菌 耐药性 抗菌药物 

分 类 号：R446.12[医药卫生—诊断学]