沙漠湖泊红碱淖浮游植物群落季节变化及其与环境因子的关系  

Seasonal Changes of Phytoplankton Communities and Their Relationship with Environmental Factors in the Hongjiannao Lake,A Desert Lake

作　　者：白海锋 贺旭波 张红强 李文莉 王怡睿 袁永锋[5] 殷旭旺 BAI Haifeng;HE Xubo;ZHANG Hongqiang;LIWenli;WANG Yirui;YUAN Yongfeng;YIN Xuwang(Shaanxi Institute of Geo-environment Monitoring,Xi’an 710054,Shaanxi,P.R.China;Shaanxi Xi’an Observation and Research Station of Ground Fissure and Land Subsidence,Ministry of Natural Resources,Xi’an 710054,Shaanxi,P.R.China;Key Laboratory of Mine Geological Hazards Mechanism and Control,Ministry of Natural Resources,Xi’an 710054,Shaanxi,P.R.China;Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity/College of Urban and Environmental Sciences,Northwest University,Xi’an 710127,Shaanxi,P.R.China;Yellow River Fisheries Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Xi’an 710086,Shaanxi,P.R.China;Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Hydrobiology/College of Fisheries and Life Science,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,Liaoning,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]陕西省地质环境监测总站(陕西省地质灾害中心),陕西西安710054 [2]自然资源部陕西西安地裂缝与地面沉降野外科学观测研究站,陕西西安710054 [3]自然资源部矿山地质灾害成灾机理与防控重点实验室,陕西西安710054 [4]西北大学城市与环境学院陕西省地表系统与环境承载力重点实验室,陕西西安710127 [5]中国水产科学研究院黄河水产研究所(陕西省水产研究所),陕西西安710086 [6]大连海洋大学水产与生命学院辽宁省水生生物学重点实验室,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《湿地科学》2024年第2期155-168,共14页Wetland Science

基　　金：陕西省公益性地质调查项目(202111);国家自然科学基金项目(41977193和42230513)资助。

摘　　要：为了科学保护沙漠湖泊的生态健康,采用指数法和相关分析法,研究红碱淖浮游植物群落特征及其对水环境变化的响应。结果表明,在红碱淖全年共鉴定出浮游植物58种,种类组成为硅藻-绿藻型,优势种以小球藻(Chlorella vulgaris)、尖针杆藻(Synedra acus)、肘状针杆藻(Synedra ulna)、梅尼小环藻(Cyclotella meneghiniana)、微绿舟形藻(Navicula viridula)和狭形纤维藻(Ankistrodesmus angustus)为主,浮游植物种类数秋季最高,冬季和夏季次之,春季最低;浮游植物年平均细胞密度为50.62×10^(6)cells/L,变化范围为8.70×10^(6)~133.50×10^(6)cells/L;年平均生物量为35.030 mg/L,变化范围为3.090~114.090 mg/L,基于密度的调查点聚类存在季节差异;浮游植物多样性指数、均匀度指数和丰富度指数的年平均值分别为2.684、0.817和1.719,秋、冬两季浮游植物多样性高于夏、春两季;多样性指数和综合营养状态指数表明,红碱淖水体处于轻度富营养状态;冗余分析表明,水温、水深、溶解氧浓度和总磷浓度是影响浮游植物群落的主要环境因子,且不同季节的影响因子存在差异。生态补水和水资源的科学管理对红碱淖水生态健康具有积极作用。In order to scientifically protect the ecological health of desert lakes,the characteristics of phytoplankton community in the Hongjiannao Lake and its response to water environment changes were studied by the index method and the correlation analysis method.The results showed that a total of 58 species of phytoplankton were identified,and the species composition was diatomic-green algae type.The main dominant species of phytoplankton were Chlorella vulgaris,Synedra acus,Synedra ulna,Cyclotella meneghiniana,Navicula viridula and Ankistrodesmus angustus,and the number of phytoplankton species was highest in autumn,followed by winter and summer,and lowest in spring.The annual cell density of phytoplankton was between 8.70×10^(6)cells/L to 133.50×10^(6)cells/L,with an average of 50.62×10^(6)cells/L,and the annual biomass was between 3.090 mg/L to 114.090 mg/L,with an average of 35.030 mg/L,and based on phytoplankton density,there were seasonal differences in density-based clustering of survey points.The mean value of Shannon-Wiener diversity index,Pielou evenness index and Margalef abundance index were 2.684,0.817 and 1.719,respectively,indicating that the diversity of phytoplankton in autumn and winter were higher than that in summer and spring.The biodiversity index and the comprehensive trophic level index showed that the water quality was slightly eutrophicated in the Hongjiannao Lake.Redundancy analysis showed that water temperature,water deepth,dissolved oxygen concentration and total phosphorus concentration were the main environmental factors that significantly affected the seasonal dynamics of phytoplankton community,and the influencing factors were different in different seasons.The ecological replenishment and scientific management of water resources had a positive effect on the water ecological health of the Hongjiannao Lake.

关 键 词：红碱淖 浮游植物 群落结构 季节动态 水质评价 环境因子 

分 类 号：X835[环境科学与工程—环境工程]