2013—2022年辽河口湿地潮沟发育时空动态演变  

The Spatio-temporal Dynamic Evolution of Tidal Channels in the Liaohe River EstuaryWetland from 2013 to 2022

作　　者：袁煜淞 王国栋[2,3] 刘吉平 胡楠林[2,3] 赵美玲 孟敬慈 陈旗 张涛 YUAN Yusong;WANG Guodong;LIU Jiping;HU Nanlin;ZHAO Meiling;MENG Jingci;CHEN Qi;ZHANG Tao(College of Geosciences and Tourism,Jilin Normal University,Siping 136000,Jilin,P.R.China;Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment,Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changchun 130102,Jilin,P.R.China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,P.R.China;School of Geographical Sciences,Northeast Normal University,Changchun 130024,Jilin,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]吉林师范大学地理科学与旅游学院,吉林四平136000 [2]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所湿地生态与环境重点实验室,吉林长春130102 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [4]东北师范大学地理科学学院,吉林长春130024

出　　处：《湿地科学》2024年第2期207-217,共11页Wetland Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFF1301000);国家自然科学基金项目(42077070和41877075)资助。

摘　　要：潮沟是连接陆地与海洋生态系统的纽带,具有高度的时空动态性。然而,在人类活动干扰下,辽河口湿地潮沟在时空尺度上的发育趋势尚未清晰。利用空间分析和统计学方法,定量表征2013—2022年辽河口湿地潮沟发育的时空动态变化,并对比东岸区、西岸区和河口冲积岛的潮沟发育状况及趋势。结果表明,2013—2022年间,辽河口湿地潮沟的演化具有显著的空间集聚性特征,滨海潮滩为变化热点区域,上游河口为变化冷点区域;2013—2022年间,辽河口湿地潮沟的长度和数量均呈增加趋势,年平均增加长度为40.8 km,年平均增加数量为239条;辽河口湿地潮沟的发育具有显著的空间异质性,其中,西岸区潮沟的发育规模最大,总长度增加了238.71 km,总数量增加了1216条;东岸区潮沟的频数、密度、分汊率数值最高,分形特征最好;河口冲积岛潮沟具有最高的水文网络连通性,潮沟网络的传输能力更强;潮沟长度与数量显著相关,潮沟分形维数与频数、密度和分汊率均显著相关。探明了辽河口湿地潮沟的发育动态,能够为辽河口湿地保护及政策制定提供科学依据。As vital connections between terrestrial and marine ecosystems,tidal channels exhibit a high level of spatio-temporal dynamics.However,under the influence of human activities,the growth trends of tidal channels in the Liaohe River estuary wetland have not been properly recognized.In this study,spatial analysis and statistical methods were employed to quantitatively characterize the temporal and spatial dynamics of tidal channels in the Liaohe River estuary wetland from 2013 to 2022,and the development status and trends of tidal channels in the west bank,the east bank and the estuary alluvial island were compared.The results showed that the development of tidal channels in the Liaohe River estuary wetland has a significant spatial clustering characteristic from 2013 to 2022,and the coastal tidal flat area was the hotspot and the upstream estuary area was the coldspot.From 2013 to 2022,the length and number of tidal channels in the Liaohe River estuary wetland showed an increasing trend,with an average annual increase of 40.8 km in length and 239 channels.The development of tidal channels in the Liaohe River estuary wetland exhibited significant spatial heterogeneity.The development scale of tidal channels on the west bank was the largest,with a total increase of 238.71 km in length and a total increase of 1216 channels.The tidal channels on the east bank showed the highest values of frequency,density,and bifurcation ratio,as well as the best fractal characteristics among the three districts.The tidal channels in the estuary alluvial island had the highest hydrological network connectivity and the strongest transmission capacity of the channel networks among the three districts.The length and number of tidal channels were significantly correlated.The fractal dimension of tidal channels was significantly related with frequency,density and separation rate.This study provides insights into the dynamic growth of tidal channels in the Liaohe River estuary wetland and aims to provide scientific support for wetland conser

关 键 词：辽河口 滨海湿地 潮沟 冷热点分析 分形维数 

分 类 号：P737.12[天文地球—海洋地质]