新疆卡拉麦里山有蹄类野生动物自然保护区赤颊黄鼠穴居地微生境的选择  

Microhabitat selection in burrowing area of Spermophilus erythrogenys in Mt.Kalamaili Ungulate Nature Reserve,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

作　　者：吴洪潘 初雯雯 江晓珩 戚英杰 刘冬志 初红军[1,3,4] 马伟 邵长亮 WU Hong-pan;CHU Wen-wen;JIANG Xiao-heng;QI Ying-jie;LIU Dong-zhi;CHU Hong-jun;MA Wei;SHAO Chang-liang(College of Life Science and Technology,Xinjiang University,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830046,China;Shantou Haojiang District Rural Revitalization Strategy Development Center,Shantou,Guangdong 515071,China;Management Center,Mt.Kalamaili Ungulate Nature Reserve,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830000,China;Institute of Forest Ecology,Xinjiang Academy of Forestry Sciences,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830002,China;Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Grassland Station of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830049,China;Huanjiang Lvyuan Environmental Protection Technology Co.,Ltd.,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830019,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆大学生命科学与技术学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830046 [2]汕头市濠江区乡村振兴战略发展中心,广东汕头515071 [3]新疆卡拉麦里山有蹄类野生动物自然保护区管理中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830000 [4]新疆林科院森林生态研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830002 [5]北京林业大学,北京100083 [6]新疆维吾尔自治区草原总站,新疆乌鲁木齐830049 [7]新疆环疆绿源环保科技有限公司,新疆乌鲁木齐830019

出　　处：《中国媒介生物学及控制杂志》2024年第2期218-224,共7页Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control

基　　金：科技部第三次新疆综合科学考察专项(2021xjkk1200);卡山自然保护区管理中心2018年中央财政林业改革发展资金(森林生态效益补偿补助)项目。

摘　　要：目的调查和了解卡拉麦里山自然保护区赤颊黄鼠巢域微生境的选择及与主要环境因素关系。方法2019年春、夏季,布设5 m×5 m样方,调查赤颊黄鼠活动穴居地52个,对照样方55个,分析穴居地微生境和对照样方的海拔、坡度、植物种数、植被盖度、生物量等生境因子。对数值型生态因子数据分别进行描述性统计分析,生态因子差异采用两独立样本Mann-Whitey U检验或独立样本t检验;对非数值型生态因子数据进行2个等级变量间的相关分析。通过主成分分析确定在赤颊黄鼠微生境选择上起主要作用的生境因子。结果影响赤颊黄鼠穴居地微生境选择的主要因素是海拔高度和土壤含水率2个生态因子(均P<0.01);主成分分析显示影响赤颊黄鼠穴居地微生境选择的环境因子依次是植被盖度(权系数为0.920)、草本盖度(权系数0.863)、灌木盖度(权系数为0.778)和灌木种数(权系数为0.768)。结论赤颊黄鼠倾向于选择海拔高、土壤含水率低、平滩类型的微生境作为穴居地。研究为赤颊黄鼠的科学防控提供重要理论依据。Objective To investigate the microhabitat selection for burrows of Spermophilus erythrogenys and the effects of major environmental factors in the Mt.Kalamaili Ungulate Nature Reserve,China.Methods In the spring and summer of 2019,52 active burrows of S.erythrogenys and 55 control quadrats were investigated with each quadrat measuring 5 m×5 m,for comparisons of habitat factors such as elevation,slope,the number of plant species,vegetation coverage,and biomass.Descriptive statistical analysis was performed on the numerical ecological factor data,and the difference of ecological factors was determined by Mann-Whitey U test or independent sample t-test.The correlation analysis between the two level variables was carried out on the non-numerical ecological factor data.Principal component analysis(PCA)was used to determine the habitat factors that played a major role in the selection of microhabitats in S.erythrogenys.Results The main factors affecting microhabitat selection of S.erythrogenys in the burrowing area were elevation and the soil moisture content(all P<0.01).The principal component analysis showed that the environmental factors influencing S.erythrogenys burrow microhabitat selection were vegetation coverage(weight coefficient=0.920),herb coverage(weight coefficient=0.863),shrub coverage(weight coefficient=0.778),and the number of shrub species(weight coefficient=0.768).Conclusions S.erythrogenys prefers microhabitats of high elevation,low soil moisture content,and the flat beach type as burrows.The results of this study can provide an important theoretical basis for the scientific control of S.erythrogenys.

关 键 词：赤颊黄鼠 穴居地 生境选择 主成分分析 卡拉麦里山有蹄类野生动物自然保护区 

分 类 号：R183.9[医药卫生—流行病学] Q958[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]