论超越守法及其治理  

Beyond Compliance and Its Governance

作　　者：彭中礼[1] 郑志泽 PENG Zhongli;ZHENG Zhize(School of Law,Central South University,Changsha 410083,Hunan)

机构地区：[1]中南大学法学院,湖南长沙410083

出　　处：《厦门大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第3期45-57,共13页Journal of Xiamen University(A Bimonthly for Studies in Arts & Social Sciences)

基　　金：研究阐释党的十九届五中全会精神国家社会科学基金重大项目“中国共产党司法政策百年发展史研究”(21ZDA120)。

摘　　要：超越守法是指企业制定并遵守比法律更为严格的自治规范的现象。企业自治规范在国家法的强制要求与社会许可的自发推动下趋于严格,促成了超越守法现象的发生。超越守法现象可分为负担自承和负担转移两种类型,其中负担转移型可能违反法治原则,主要表现为企业自治规范缺乏对企业自身的限制,形式合法性欠缺以及违反“法律的统治而非人的统治”原则。该问题产生的原因,包括多元规范助力机制的扭曲、议程设置的反制措施难以启动以及企业优位下的消费者权利契约化等。合理规制超越守法,需要从立法上明晰相关主体的法律责任,建立合理的社会规范备案审查制度,形成完备、有效的司法审查制度等。超越守法现象揭示了自下而上的法治社会建设路径具有的可能性,但其违反法治原则的问题也表明自上而下的法治社会建设路径也应当同时相向发力,合力推进法治社会建设。Beyond compliance refers to the phenomenon wherein a company voluntarily adopts and adheres to norms that are more stringent than what is required by law.This trend has become increasingly prevalent due to mandatory legal requirements and the pursuit of social approval.Beyond compliance can be categorized into two types:burden self-supporting and burden shifting.The latter type may raise concerns regarding the rule of law,particularly regarding the lack of constraints on corporate norms,their informal legitimacy,and the potential violation of the principle of “rule of law over rule by man.” Several factors contribute to this issue,including distorted mechanisms for normative support,challenges in initiating countermeasures for agenda setting,and the contractualization of consumer rights under corporate dominance.Effective regulation of beyond compliance necessitates clarifying the legal responsibilities of relevant parties through legislation,establishing a comprehensive system for the filing and review of social norms,and implementing a robust judicial review mechanism.While beyond compliance highlights the potential for grassroots progress toward a rule-of-law society,its deviations from the principles of the rule of law underscore the importance of concerted efforts to promote both bottom-up and top-down approaches to the construction of a society governed by the rule of law.

关 键 词：超越守法 法治 社会规范 自治规范 备案审查 

分 类 号：D920.0[政治法律—法学]