儿童静脉输液药物不良反应的临床特征分析  

Analysis of clinical characteristics of adverse drug reactions in children with intravenous infusion

作　　者：张多 孔伟坦 Zhang Duo;Kong Weitan(Nanyang Central Hospital,Nanyang 473000,Henan)

机构地区：[1]南阳市中心医院,河南南阳473000

出　　处：《辽宁医学杂志》2024年第2期63-67,共5页Medical Journal of Liaoning

摘　　要：目的探讨儿童静脉输液药物不良反应(ADR)的临床特征。方法回顾性分析2014年4月~2020年4月本院收治的静脉输液后出现ADR的患儿115例,分析其临床特征。结果115例静脉输液出现ADR的患儿常见的原发疾病为呼吸系统疾病58.26%(67/115)和消化系统疾病18.26%(21/115),发生时间为用药后30分钟以内者80.00%(92/115);ADR涉及9类药物,最常见的为抗生素类61.74%(71/115)和中药制剂42.61%(49/115),抗生素类以头孢菌素33.04%(38/115)和青霉素类20.87%(24/115)多见;其中单独用药和联合用药者分别为71.30%(82/115)、28.70%(33/115)。ADR最常见的临床表现为皮肤损害65.22%(75/115),1例(0.87%)患儿出现过敏性休克。结论应加强儿童静脉输液监管工作,重视静脉输液药品的规范使用,关注儿童ADR的相关因素,提高儿童合理用药水平。Objective To explore the clinical characteristics of adverse drug reactions(ADR)in children with intrave⁃nous infusion.Methods A retrospective analysis of 115 children with ADR after intravenous infusion collected in our hos⁃pital from April 2014 to April 2020 was performed to analyze the clinical characteristics.Results The common primary dis⁃eases of 115 children with ADR who developed intravenous infusion were respiratory diseases 58.26%(67/115)and diges⁃tive diseases 18.26%(21/115),The occurrence time was 80.00%(92/115)within 30 minutes after the medication.ADR involves 9 kinds of drugs,the most common ones are antibiotics 61.74%(71/115)and traditional Chinese medicine prepa⁃rations 42.61%(49/115),Antibiotics are common in cephalosporins 33.04%(38/115)and penicillins 20.87%(24/115).Among them,71.30%(82/115)and 28.70%(33/115)were used alone or combined.The most common clinical manifes⁃tation of ADR is 65.22%(75/115)of skin lesions,and 1 case(0.87%)has anaphylactic shock.Conclusion It is necessa⁃ry to strengthen the supervision of children′s intravenous infusion,pay attention to the standard use of intravenous infusion drugs,pay attention to the related factors of children′s ADR,and improve children′s reasonable medication levels.

关 键 词：静脉输液 药物不良反应 临床特征 儿童 

分 类 号：R969[医药卫生—药理学]