荆州拍马山027号楚墓竹简反映的丧葬礼俗  

Funeral Rituals Reflected in Bamboo Slips from the Chu Tomb No.027 at Paimashan in Jingzhou

作　　者：李天虹 彭浩 LI Tianhong;PENG Hao(Wuhan,Hubei 430072;Jingzhou,Hubei 434020)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学简帛研究中心、“古文字与中华文明传承发展工程”协同攻关创新平台,湖北武汉430072 [2]荆州博物馆,湖北荆州434020

出　　处：《江汉考古》2024年第2期148-153,共6页Jianghan Archaeology

基　　金：国家社科基金冷门绝学研究专项学术团队项目“中国古代丧葬简牍文献整理研究及数据库建设”(23VJXT008)支持。

摘　　要：拍马山027号楚墓是一座士级墓葬,出土竹简一册三枚,文字内容可以分为三部分,依次记述墓主生平和德行,丧事主理者■赗赠葬物并与苛、秦举行杀祭,最后表达众人的哀悼之情,行文多处押韵,内容和形式类似诔文,有可能是迄今所见唯一一份战国时期的诔文,表明战国士丧礼中或许已经增设“读诔”环节。简文所记临终前举行祓祭,丧家贫困、依赖众人赗赠使死者得以按士制下葬,都是当时礼制规范和风俗人情的体现。The Chu tomb at Paimashan,labeled as tomb No.027,belongs to a person whose social rank is characterized by the shi(士)class.Three bamboo slips were unearthed from this tomb,containing texts that can be divided into three parts.They sequentially record the life and virtues of the tomb occupant,the main organizer of the funeral rites Ci(■)who provided the dowry and burial items,and who conducted sacrificial offerings with Ke and Qin.Finally,it expressed the mourning of the people The writing includes many rhymes and is similar in content and form to a eulogy.It may be the only eulogy from the Warring States period discovered thus far,indicating that the funeral rites may have included a‘reading of the eulogy’ceremony.The texts also record the purification and sacrifices performed before death,as well as the fact that the bereaved family,being poor,relied on the dowry from others to ensure that the deceased could be buried according to the standards of a shi,reflecting the norms of ritual and customs of the time.

关 键 词：拍马山楚简 赗赙 诔文 礼俗 

分 类 号：K877.5[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]