西安地区典型博物馆建筑低碳化改造研究——以陕西历史博物馆为例  

Low-carbon Retrofitting of Typical Museum Buildings in Xi’an:Taking the Shaanxi History Museum as an Example

作　　者：冯媛媛 闫增峰[1] 倪平安 雷馥铭 FENG Yuanyuan;YAN Zengfeng;NI Pingan;LEI Fuming(School of Architecture,Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi'an 710055,China)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学建筑学院,西安710055

出　　处：《建筑节能（中英文）》2024年第4期54-62,共9页Building Energy Efficiency

基　　金：陕西省建设厅科技发展计划资助项目:陕西省住建行业碳达峰与碳中和实现路径和措施研究(2021-R03);《黄冶三彩窑展示馆保护技术研究》(20210223)。

摘　　要：为解决博物馆建筑室内舒适度与碳排放难以权衡的改造问题,从建筑性能提升和可再生能源利用两个方面对西安地区典型博物馆建筑进行低碳化改造。在建筑性能提升方面,利用拉丁超立方采样技术,基于多维设计参数形成的能耗模拟数据库,分析建筑能耗与参数设计的关系,结合TOPSIS方法寻求评估指标的最优解。此外,还进行了变量敏感性分析,为决策提供客观和科学的支持。在可再生能源利用方面,提出了西安地区太阳能光伏发电的最佳倾角和方位角。通过陕西历史博物馆的案例研究,结果显示改造后的博物馆舒适度提升了1.43%,总碳排放量、供暖碳排放量、供冷碳排放量分别降低了57.9%、70.9%、39.8%,屋顶光伏板年发电量可满足建筑性能提升后94%的能源需求。To retrofit museum buildings for achieving a balance between indoor comfort and carbon emissions,the study focuses on a typical museum building in Xi'an and considers two key aspects:enhancing building performance and utilizing renewable energy.Regarding performance enhancement,leveraging Latin hypercube sampling techniques and multidimensional design parameters,a comprehensive energy consumption simulation database is constructed to facilitate an analysis of the relationship between building energy consumption and parameter design,coupled with the TOPSIS method to seek the optimal solution for evaluation metrics.Additionally,sensitivity analysis of variables is conducted,providing objective and scientific support for decision-making.In terms of renewable energy utilization,the study proposes the optimal inclination and azimuth angles for solar photovoltaic power generation in Xi'an.The results,demonstrated through the Shaanxi History Museum case study,show a significant improvement in museum comfort levels by 1.43%.Moreover,the total carbon emissions,heating-related emissions,and cooling-related emissions are reduced by 57.9%,70.9%,and 39.8%respectively.Notably,the annual electricity generation from the rooftop photovoltaic panels fulfills 94%of the energy demand after the enhancement of building performance.

关 键 词：博物馆 低碳改造 建筑碳排放 性能模拟 太阳能光伏发电 

分 类 号：TU2[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论]