城市更新中漫天要价“钉子户”困局的形成机制与破解之道  

The Formation Mechanism and Solution to the“Holdout”Dilemma of Wild Speculation in Urban Renewal

作　　者：袁奇峰[1] 刘鹏飞 贾姗 YUAN Qifeng;LIU Pengfei;JIA Shan

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学建筑学院、亚热带建筑与城市科学全国重点实验室 [2]广州市城市规划勘测设计研究院有限公司,国土与空间规划设计所 [3]华南理工大学建筑学院

出　　处：《现代城市研究》2024年第4期37-41,49,共6页Modern Urban Research

基　　金：国家社科基金重大资助项目(20&ZD107);2022年度广州市哲学社会科学发展“十四五”规划羊城青年学人课题(2022GZQN36)。

摘　　要：面向存量的城市更新在整合协调多元产权主体的利益诉求以形成更新改造集体行动的过程中,常常出现漫天要价的“钉子户”困局,使得城市更新推进缓慢,公共利益受损。漫天要价“钉子户”困局是少数业主的机会主义行为和多数业主的“搭便车”行为所共同造成的。而地方政府急于落实城市发展战略和维护社会稳定,以及开发商为缩短资金回笼周期,进而导致二者被“钉子户”所把持,最终或以公共利益补偿“钉子户”的漫天要价,或延缓整个更新项目推进。漫天要价“钉子户”困局的破解首先是完善城市更新的制度设计,明确改造规则,形成更新改造自主申请市场。其次在于提高社区治理能力,鼓励基层民主形成业主利益共同体,依托业主群体内部丰富的社会资本制约“钉子户”的机会主义行为。最后,完善城市更新立法工作,明确城市更新中征收权的应用细则。In the process of coordinating the interest demands of multiple stakeholders to form collective actions of renewal,there is often a“holdout”dilemma of wild speculation,which makes urban renewal slow and damages public interests.The predicament of wild speculation“holdout”is caused by the opportunistic behavior of a few owners and the“free-rider”behavior of the majority of owners.As the eagerness of the local government to implement the urban development strategy and maintain social stability,and the developers'desire to shorten the time of capital circulation,the two are controlled by the holdout.Eventually,they may compensate the“holdout”with public interests,or only delay the entire process.The first step in solving the problem of wild speculation“holdout”is to improve the system design of urban renewal,clarify the transformation rules,and form a market for independent application for renewal.The second is to improve the ability of community governance,encourage grassroots democracy to form a community of owners'interests,relying on the abundant social capital within the owners group to restrict the opportunistic behavior of individual nail households.Finally,the legislative work of urban renewal should be improved to clarify the application rules of eminent domain in urban renewal.

关 键 词：“钉子户” 城市更新 反公地悲剧 空间治理 

分 类 号：TU984[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]