二氯吡啶酸对辣椒的药害及复硝酚钠的缓解作用  

Phytotoxicity of clopyralid in pepper and relieving effect of sodium nitrophenolate

作　　者：王富豪 郭婧华 郝培培 程有普 WANG Fuhao;GUO Jinghua;HAO Peipei;CHENG Youpu(College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture,Tianjin Agricultural University,Tianjin 300392,China;Tianjin Lvheng Chemical Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin 300270,China)

机构地区：[1]天津农学院园艺园林学院,天津300392 [2]天津市绿亨化工有限公司,天津300270

出　　处：《农药》2024年第5期363-370,共8页Agrochemicals

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31572034);天津市企业科技特派员项目(19JCTPJC59000)。

摘　　要：[目的]探究二氯吡啶酸飘移对邻作作物辣椒的药害影响以及复硝酚钠对其的缓解效果。[方法]以青云2号辣椒为试验试材,采用喷洒二氯吡啶酸稀释液的方法模拟药液飘移,喷施复硝酚钠后分别观察叶、茎组织变化并测定比较辣椒苗期叶片的抗氧化酶活性和丙二醛、叶绿素、类胡萝卜素、谷胱甘肽含量。[结果]在施药后7 d内,随着二氯吡啶酸质量浓度升高,辣椒苗的药害症状加重,其叶片的MDA含量逐渐升高,CAT、POD、SOD活性和叶绿素、类胡萝卜素含量呈先升高后降低的趋势,GSH含量在施药后3~7 d内随质量浓度升高而降低。其中二氯吡啶酸质量浓度为0.016 g/L时,辣椒新叶畸形黄化,茎结构开始出现损伤,质量浓度为0.800 g/L时,施药后7 d,叶片畸形严重并出现部分干枯,茎结构的完整性被破坏,各项生理指标均显著低于对照组;喷施复硝酚钠缓解后,二氯吡啶酸质量浓度为0.016、0.040 g/L时,辣椒药害现象缓解明显,MDA含量降低,CAT、POD、SOD显著升高,叶绿素、类胡萝卜素、GSH含量升高;二氯吡啶酸浓度为0.800 g/L时,喷施复硝酚钠无明显缓解效果。[结论]二氯吡啶酸飘移会对邻作作物辣椒产生不同程度的药害,浓度越高,药害症状越重,喷施复硝酚钠能在一定程度上缓解二氯吡啶酸对辣椒的药害症状。[Aims]The aim of this study is to explore the phytotoxicity of clopyralid drift on adjacent pepper and the alleviating effect of sodium nitrophenolate on it.[Methods]Pepper Qingyun No.2 was used for the tests,and the drift of the liquid was simulated by spraying clopyralid diluent,and the changes of leaf and stem tissues before and after spraying sodium nitrophenolate were observed.The activity of antioxidant enzyme and contents of malondialdehyde,chlorophyll,carotenoid and glutathione in the leaves of pepper seedlings were measured and compared.[Results]Within 7 d after application,as the concentration of clopyralid increased,the phytotoxicity symptoms of pepper seedlings increased,the MDA content of the leaves gradually increased,the activity of CAT,POD,SOD and content of chlorophyll and carotenoid increased first and then decreased,and the content of GSH decreased with the increase of concentration within 3-7 d after application.When the concentration of clopyralid was 0.016 g/L,the new leaves of peppers malformed and yellowed,and the stem began to show damage.At a concentration of 0.800 g/L,7 d after application,the leaves were severely deformed and partially withered,the integrity of the stem was destroyed,and all the physiological indicators were significantly lower than those of the control groups.After spraying sodium nitrophenolate at a concentrations of 0.016 and 0.040 g/L,the phenomenon of phytotoxicity on pepper was alleviated obviously,with reducement of MDA content,and significantly increase of CAT,POD and SOD and content of chlorophyll,carotenoids and GSH.When the concentration of clopyralid was 0.800 g/L,Spraying of sodium nitrophenolate had no obvious relief effect.[Conclusions]The drift of clopyralid can cause phytotoxicity to adjacent peppers,and the higher the concentration the more serious the phytotoxicity.Spraying of sodium nitrophenolate can alleviate phytotoxicity symptoms of clopyralid to a certain extent.

关 键 词：二氯吡啶酸 辣椒 飘移药害 复硝酚钠 

分 类 号：TQ450.2[化学工程—农药化工]