基于数字岩石物理的深层缝洞型碳酸盐岩储层地震弹性特征表征  

Characterizing seismic elastic properties of deep cavity-fracture carbonate reservoir using digital rock physics

作　　者：李海英[1] 刘军[1] 龚伟[1] 朱津琬 聂俊光 朱伟[3] 赵峦啸 耿建华[2] LI HaiYing;LIU Jun;GONG Wei;ZHU JinWan;NIE JunGuang;ZHU Wei;ZHAO LuanXiao;GENG JianHua(Northwest Oilfield Branch of Sinopec,Ürümqi 830011,China;State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China;School of Geophysics and Petroleum Resources,Changjiang University,Wuhan 430100,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石化西北油田分公司,乌鲁木齐830011 [2]同济大学海洋地质国家重点实验室,上海200092 [3]长江大学地球物理与石油资源学院,武汉430100

出　　处：《地球物理学进展》2024年第2期716-726,共11页Progress in Geophysics

摘　　要：塔里木盆地的深层缝洞型碳酸盐岩储层油气资源潜力巨大,但钻遇该类储层时频频发生漏失和放空现象,很难获取岩芯和准确的测井数据对其地震岩石物理响应特征进行表征.本文以塔里木顺北地区实际的钻井、成像测井和录井资料为基础构建了典型的缝洞储集体数字岩石模型,并利用静力学模拟方法对其弹性波速度与溶洞孔隙度、裂隙密度的关系进行了研究.数字岩石物理模拟结果显示,溶洞储集体相较于围岩的纵波速度有明显的下降,但由于溶洞本身具有较强的刚度系数,因而纵横波速度对溶洞内充填物的多少和溶洞孔隙度的改变并不敏感.由于裂隙的较低刚度系数,因而缝洞碳酸盐岩储层的纵横波速度随着基岩中裂隙密度的增加呈现近似线性下降的趋势.而在测井尺度上,弹性波速度对于溶洞内部充填物多少和孔隙度的变化具有一定的敏感度.基于数字岩石物理模拟构建了深层缝洞储层的弹性特征与孔隙度变化的岩石物理模板,为塔里木深部岩溶储层的定量地震解释提供了岩石物理指导.The deep fracture-cavity carbonate reservoir in the Tarim Basin has enormous potential for oil and gas resources.However,when drilling such reservoirs formations,drilling fluids loss and blowout frequently occur,making it difficult to obtain core samples and accurate logging data to characterize their seismic rock physics characteristics.Based on the actual drilling,imaging logging,and logging data in the Shunbei region at northern Tarim basin,this paper constructs a typical digital rock model exhibiting fracture-cavity reservoir characteristics.We study the relationship between elastic wave velocity and karst porosity and fracture density using static simulation methods.The results of the digital rock physics simulation show that the P-wave velocity of the deep reservoir containing cavity is significantly lower than that of the surrounding rock.Nevertheless,due to the strong pore stiffness of the cavity,the P-and S-wave velocities are not sensitive to the amount of filling material and changes in cavity porosity.Since the fracture stiffness is significantly lower,the P-and S-wave velocities of the fractured carbonate reservoir tend to decrease linearly with increasing fracture density in the carbonates.At the logging scale,the elastic wave velocities have a certain sensitivity to changes in filling material and porosity in the cavity.Based on the results of the digital rock physics simulation,a rock physics template characterizing relationship between elastic responses and porosity for deep carbonates reservoirs is constructed,providing rock physics guidance for quantitative seismic interpretation of deep carbonate reservoirs in the Tarim basin.

关 键 词：深层 碳酸盐岩 缝洞 数字岩石物理 弹性特征 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]