2018年4月—2023年3月郑州市流行性感冒流行病学及病原学特征  

Epidemiological and etiological characteristics of influenza in Zhengzhou from April 2018 to March 2023

作　　者：王丛丛 李国伟[1] 李锋[1] 张延炀[2] 李肖红[1] WANG Congcong;LI Guowei;LI Feng;ZHANG Yanyang;LI Xiaohong(Zhengzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhengzhou,Henan 450042,China;Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention)

机构地区：[1]郑州市疾病预防控制中心,河南郑州450042 [2]河南省疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《现代疾病预防控制》2024年第4期288-291,共4页MODERN DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION

摘　　要：目的分析2018年4月—2023年3月郑州市流行性感冒(流感)流行病学及病原学特征,为科学制定防控措施提供依据。方法通过描述性流行病学方法对2018—2023年郑州市五个监测年度的流感病例进行分析,用实时荧光RT-PCR法对哨点医院采集的咽拭子标本进行流感病毒核酸检测及亚型分析。结果五个监测年度共报告流感病例310070例,年均报告发病率为602.83/10万,2022—2023年度最高(1286.40/10万);15岁以下年龄段报告病例数占80.28%,0~<5岁及5~<15岁年龄组报告发病率居前两位,分别为3011.16/10万、2479.93/10万;学生、幼托儿童和散居儿童报告病例数占86.46%。五个监测年度季节性发病高峰主要集中在冬春季,但2022—2023年度发病高峰出现在夏秋季(8—9月)及春季(2—3月)。2018—2019、2019—2020、2022—2023年度分别以甲型H1N1亚型(占66.67%)、甲型H3N2亚型(75.00%)、甲型H1N1和H3N2(分别占51.84%、46.94%)为主;2020—2021、2021—2022年度均以乙型流感Victoria亚型(分别占100.00%、99.10%)为主。结论郑州市流感发病高峰主要集中在冬春季,但2022—2023年度夏秋季出现了发病高峰,优势流行株在甲型H1N1、H3N2及乙型Victoria亚型之间切换,15岁以下学生、幼托儿童、散居儿童发病较多,应持续加强流感监测,重点监测流感发病的季节性及病毒分型,并强化中小学、幼儿园的流感监测与防控。Objective To analyze the epidemiological and pathogenic characteristics of influenza in Zhengzhou city from April2018 to March 2023,so as to provide evidence for scientific prevention and control measures.Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze influenza cases during the five surveillance years from 2018 to 2023 in Zhengzhou city.Using real time fluorescence RT-PCR method influenza virus nucleic acid detection and subtype analysis on pharyngeal swab samples collected from sentinel hospitals.Results A total of 310070 influenza cases were reported during the five surveillance years,with an average annual reported incidence rate of 602.83/105,and the highest annual reported incidence rate was in 2022-2023(1286.40/105).The number of reported cases in the age group under 15 years old accounted for 80.28%.The reported incidence rates in the 0-<5 years old and 5-<15 years old age groups ranked the top two,which were 3011.16/105and2479.93/105,respectively.The number of cases reported among students,kindergarten children and scattered-living children accounted for 86.46%.The seasonal incidence peaks during the five surveillance years were mainly concentrated in winter and spring,but the incidence peaks in 2022-2023 occurred in summer and autumn(August-September)and spring(FebruaryMarch).Influenza A H1N1 subtype(accounting for 66.67%)was the main subtype in 2018-2019;influenza A H3N2 subtype(75.00%)was the main subtype in 2019-2020;influenza A H1N1 and H3N2 were the main subtypes(accounting for 51.84%and46.94%,respectively)in 2022/2023;influenza B Victoria was the main subtype(accounting for 100.00%and 99.10%,respectively)in 2020-2021 and 2021-2022.Conclusions In Zhengzhou,the peak of influenza incidence was mainly concentrated in winter and spring,but the peak occurred in summer and autumn in 2022-2023.The dominant epidemic strain was switched among the strains of influenza A(H1N1),influenza A(H3N2),and influenza B(Victoria)subtypes;majority of the cases were students under the age of 15 years,chi

关 键 词：流行性感冒 流行特征 病原学分析 

分 类 号：R511.7[医药卫生—内科学]