金融科技对小微企业融资的影响——基于上市银行的实证分析  

The Impact of Financial Technology on Financing for Small and Micro Enterprises——Empirical Analysis Based on Listed Banks

作　　者：李志辉[1,2] 魏斌 陈海龙 韩梦如 LI Zhi-hui;WEI Bin;CHEN Hai-long;HAN Meng-ru

机构地区：[1]南开大学经济学院,天津300071 [2]南开大学财金研究所 [3]中国工商银行数字普惠中心 [4]中国光大银行北京分行

出　　处：《金融论坛》2024年第4期59-69,共11页Finance Forum

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“实现高质量发展的国有商业银行改革研究”(21ZDA048)的资助。

摘　　要：本文以2011-2020年42家中国上市银行为样本,手工收集银行小微企业信贷数据,使用专利数据和信息检索技术构建银行金融科技指数,实证探究金融科技对小微企业融资的影响及其作用机制。研究发现,金融科技能够显著提升小微企业融资。机制分析发现,金融科技通过“降成本”“控风险”和“增效率”等渠道促进商业银行将更多信贷资金投放到小微企业。异质性分析发现,对于城乡收入差距较大和市场化水平较高地区,金融科技促进小微企业融资的作用更为明显,在贷款集中度低的银行及城商行和农商行,金融科技的影响也更显著。This paper takes 42 listed banks in China from 2011 to 2020 as samples,manually collects banks'credit data of small and micro enterprises(SME),constructs a bank fintech index using patent data and information retrieval technology,and empirically explores the impact of fintech on SME financing and its mechanism.It is found that financial technology can significantly improve the financing of SMEs.Mechanism analysis reveals that financial technology promotes commercial banks to invest more credit funds in SMEs through channels such as cost reduction,risk control,and efficiency enhancement.Heterogeneity analysis reveals that for regions with large urban-rural income disparities and high levels of marketization,the role of financial technology in promoting financing for SMEs is more significant.The impact of financial technology is also more significant in urban commercial banks,rural commercial banks and banks with low degree of loan concentration.

关 键 词：金融科技 小微企业融资 上市银行 信息检索技术 

分 类 号：F832[经济管理—金融学] F276.3