2018一2022年新疆脊髓灰质炎疫苗补充免疫活动分析  

Analysis of supplementary immunization activities of poliomyelitis vaccine in Xinjiang from 2018 to 2022

作　　者：沙吾拉西·热加甫 毕洪波 阿孜亚·赛辽汗 叶尔凡·居来提 热依汉古丽·买买提 凯赛尔·吾斯曼 唐海淑[1] 帕提古力·艾则孜[1] Shawulaxi REJIAFU;BI Hong-bo;Aziya SAILIAOHAN;Yeerfan JULAITI;Reyihanguli MAIMAITI;Kaisaier WUSIMAN;TANG Hai-shu;Patiguli AIZEZI(The Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,Urumqi,Xinjiang 83001l,China;Health Conmmision of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,Urumqi,Xinjiang 83001l,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆维吾尔自治区疾病预防控制中心,乌鲁木齐830011 [2]新疆维吾尔自治区卫生健康委员会,乌鲁木齐830001

出　　处：《疾病预防控制通报》2024年第2期80-84,共5页Bulletin of Disease Control & Prevention(China)

摘　　要：目的分析2018—2022年新疆脊髓灰质炎疫苗补充免疫活动(supplementary immunization activities,SIA)查漏补种数据,为消除新疆脊髓灰质炎(简称脊灰),巩固无脊灰成果提供参考。方法采用描述流行病学方法分析2018一2022年新疆SIA接种数据、查漏补种数据和督导评估资料。结果2018—2022年新疆开展了10轮SIA及查漏补种,共报告接种二价口服脊灰减毒活疫苗(bOPV)9276661剂次,平均接种率98.68%。接种IPV180938剂次,平均接种率97.55%;共对223个县次开展了SIA接种率快速评估,平均接种率98.80%。发现暂缓接种儿童192人,接种禁忌症儿童4人,漏种儿童36人;共发现0剂次免疫儿童83324人、占报告应种总人数的0.87%,其中0岁~组61070人,1~4岁组22254人。结论通过脊灰疫苗SIA及查漏补种,新疆常规免疫中漏种儿童及时得到了补充免疫,填补了免疫空白,提高了儿童免疫水平,阻止了脊灰野病毒病例的输入和传播.Objective To evaluate the data of missed poliomyelitis(polio for short)vaccination and supplementary polio vaccination during the implementation of supplementary immunization activities(SIA)in Xinjiang from 2018 to 2022,and provide reference for eliminating polio and maintaining the results of polio-free in Xinjiang.Methods The descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the data of polio vaccination,omission of polio vaccination,supplementary polio vaccination and supervisory assessment information during SIA in Xinjiang from 2018 to 2022.Results There were 10 rounds of SIA and the inspection of omission of vaccination and supplementary vaccination carried out in Xinjiang from 2018 to 2022.Totally 9276661 doses of bivalent oral polio vaccine(bOPV)immunization were reported,with average coverage rate of 98.68%.All 180938 doses of IPV were immunized,with average coverage rate of 97.55%.The rapid assessments of the vaccination rate were carried out in 223 counties/occasions,with the average vaccination rate of98.80%.The number of children with delayed vaccination,vaccination contraindications and omission of vaccination were 192,4 and 36,respectively.There were 83324 children with zero-dose vaccination found,accounting for 0.87%,of which,there were 61070 children in the age group of 0 year,and 22254 children in the age group of 1-4 years.ConclusionsThrough the SIA of polio vaccine and the inspection of omission of vaccination and supplementary vaccination,the children who missed vaccination in routine immunization timely receive supplemental immunization in Xinjiang,which fills up the immunization blank,increases the immunization level of children and prevents the importation and spread of the cases with wild poliovirus.

关 键 词：脊髓灰质炎 脊髓灰质炎疫苗 补充免疫活动 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学] R512.4[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]