交通运输业驾驶员职业健康素养水平及影响因素分析  

Analysis of occupational health literacy level and its influencing factors among drivers in transportation industry

作　　者：虞心阳 陈惠清[1] 夏冰[1] 吴君乐 杨敏[1] YU Xinyang;CHEN Huiqing;XIA Bing;WU Junle;YANG Min(Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510300,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省职业病防治院,广东广州510300

出　　处：《中国职业医学》2024年第1期75-80,共6页China Occupational Medicine

基　　金：广东省医学科研基金(C2023020)。

摘　　要：目的分析交通运输业驾驶员职业健康素养(OHL)现状及其影响因素。方法采用判断抽样方法,选择880名出租车公司、客运公司、货运公司和网约平台公司的驾驶员为研究对象,采用《全国重点人群职业健康素养监测调查个人问卷》以网络问卷方式对其OHL现状进行调查,分析OHL影响因素。结果研究对象总体OHL水平为54.32%(478/880);职业健康法律知识、职业健康保护基本知识、职业健康保护基本技能、健康工作方式与行为维度的OHL水平分别为55.34%、79.55%、58.30%和46.25%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,客运公司和货运公司驾驶员OHL水平均高于出租车公司驾驶员(P值均<0.01);民营企业、外资企业和其他经济类型企业驾驶员的OHL水平均低于国有企业驾驶员(P值均<0.05);大型企业驾驶员OHL水平低于微型企业驾驶员(P<0.05);目前岗位工龄>5~10年和>10年的驾驶员OHL水平均低于工龄为1~5年者(P值均<0.05)。结论交通运输业驾驶员OHL水平尚有较大提升空间;用人单位的类别、经济类型、规模和目前岗位工龄均为OHL水平的主要影响因素。Objective To analyze the current occupational health literacy(OHL)level and its influencing factors among drivers in transportation industry.Methods A total of 880 drivers of taxi companies,passenger transport companies,freight companies and online booking companies were selected as the research subjects using the judgment sampling method.The Occupational Health Literacy Questionnaire of National Key Populations was used to conduct a survey on their OHL levels via online questionnaires,and the influencing factors of OHL were analyzed.Results The OHL level of the research subjects was 54.32%(478/880).The OHL levels in the dimensions of occupational health legal knowledge,basic knowledge of occupational health protection,basic skills of occupational health protection,healthy working style and behavior were 55.34%,79.55%,58.30%and 46.25%,respectively.The results of the multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the OHL levels of drivers in passenger transport and freight companies were higher than that in taxi companies(all P<0.01).The OHL levels of drivers in private enterprises,foreign-funded enterprises,and other enterprises were lower than those in state-owned enterprises(all P<0.05).The OHL levels of drivers in large enterprises were lower than that of drivers in micro-enterprises(P<0.05).The OHL levels of drivers worked>5-10 years and>10 years were lower than that of drivers working 1-5 years(all P<0.05).Conclusion There is a considerable room for improvement in the OHL levels of drivers in the transportation industry.The category,economic type,and scale of the employing unit and driving work year of the current position are the main influencing factors of OHL levels.

关 键 词：交通运输业 驾驶员 职业健康素养 现况调查 影响因素 

分 类 号：R13[医药卫生—劳动卫生]