固溶热处理对316L奥氏体不锈钢性能的影响  

Effect of solid solution heat treatment process on properties of 316L austenitic stainless steel

作　　者：邢梦楠 胡昕明 杨雨泽[2] 欧阳鑫 刘晨希 XING Mengnan;HU Xinming;YANG Yuze;OUYANG Xin;LIU Chenxi(State Key Laboratory of Metal Material for Marine Equipment and Application,Anshan 114001,China;Angang Steel Company Limited,Anshan 114001,China)

机构地区：[1]海洋装备用金属材料及其应用国家重点实验室,辽宁鞍山114001 [2]鞍钢股份有限公司,辽宁鞍山114001

出　　处：《轧钢》2024年第2期44-49,58,共7页Steel Rolling

摘　　要：为进一步研究固溶热处理工艺对316L低碳奥氏体不锈钢性能的影响,采用光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、电子万能试验机等设备研究了不同固溶热处理工艺条件下316L不锈钢的显微组织和力学性能。结果表明:在1080~1150℃固溶温度和60~300 min固溶时间范围内,随着固溶热处理温度的升高、固溶热处理时间的延长,316L奥氏体不锈钢强度降低,伸长率增大,硬度值整体变化不大,冲击功呈上升趋势;316L奥氏体不锈钢组织中小角度晶界和大于45°的大角度晶界占比相对较大,大角度晶界能阻碍裂纹扩展,小角度晶界能降低界面能,对316L奥氏体不锈钢的强化产生积极作用;采用1080℃、60 min固溶热处理后,316L奥氏体不锈钢的屈服强度为264 MPa,抗拉强度为553 MPa,伸长率为61%,布氏硬度值为141HBW,20℃冲击功可达306 J,晶间腐蚀性能合格,综合性能优异。In order to further study the effect of solution heat treatment on the properties of 316L low carbon austenitic stainless steel,the microstructure and mechanical properties of 316L stainless steel under different solution heat treatment conditions were studied by optical microscope,scanning electron microscope,transmission electron microscope and electronic universal testing machine.The results show that the strength of 316L austenitic stainless steel decreases with the increase of solution heat treatment temperature and solution heat treatment time in the range of 1080-1150℃and 60-300 min,the elongation increases,the hardness value does not change much,and the impact energy shows an upuard trend with the increase of solution heat treatment temperature and solution heat treatment time.In 316L austenitic stainless steel,the proportion of small angle grain boundaries and large angle grain boundaries greater than 45°are relatively large.The large angle grain boundaries can hinder crack propagation,and the small angle grain boundaries reduce the interface energy,which has a positive effect on the strengthening of 316L austenitic stainless steel.After solid solution heat treatment at 1080℃for 60 min,the yield strength of 316L austenitic stainless steel is 264 MPa,the tensile strength is 553 MPa,the elongation is 61%,the Brinell hardness is 141HBW and the impact energy can reach 306 J at 20℃,the intergranular corrosion performance is qualified,and the comprehensive performance is excellent.

关 键 词：316L奥氏体不锈钢 固溶热处理 力学性能 再结晶 晶粒尺寸 晶粒取向分布 

分 类 号：TG156.94[金属学及工艺—热处理] TG142.71[金属学及工艺—金属学]