脊柱畸形矫形术神经损伤预防的研究进展  

Research progress on the preventive measures of nerve damage in spinal deformity correction surgery

作　　者：张耀申 刘玉增[1] 周立金[1] 海涌[1] ZHANG Yao-shen;LIU Yu-zeng;ZHOU Li-jin;HAI Yong(Department of Orthopedic Surgery,Bejing Chaoyang Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100020,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院骨科,北京100020

出　　处：《中国矫形外科杂志》2024年第8期721-726,共6页Orthopedic Journal of China

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(编号:2019YFC0120604);国家自然科学基金项目(编号:8177090118)。

摘　　要：脊柱畸形截骨矫形手术是治疗重度脊柱畸形的有效方法,但是脊柱畸形矫形手术难度高、风险大、并发症多,尤其是神经并发症往往造成肢体的运动感觉障碍,甚至是瘫痪,是脊柱外科医生关注的主要问题之一,围手术期预防措施非常重要。本文综述了脊柱畸形矫形手术中脊髓神经损伤并发症的危险因素,尤其是预防措施的应用,如:术前牵引、电生理监测、3D打印和人工智能应用。提示脊柱外科医生应充分重视脊柱畸形截骨矫形手术预防措施应用的重要性,以避免和减少神经损伤并发症。Spinal deformity osteotomy correction is an effective method for treating severe spinal deformities. However, spinal deformity correction surgery is difficult, risky, with many complications, especially neurological complications that often cause motor sensory disorders or even paralysis in the limbs. This is one of the main concerns of spinal surgeons, and perioperative preventive measures are very important. This article reviews the risk factors for complications of spinal cord nerve injury in spinal deformity correction surgery, especially the application of preventive measures such as preoperative traction, electrophysiological monitoring, 3D printing, and artificial intelligence applications. It is suggested that spinal surgeons should attach great importance to the application of preventive measures in spinal deformity osteotomy and correction surgery, in order to avoid and reduce complications of nerve injury.

关 键 词：脊柱畸形 截骨矫形术 神经损伤 危险因素 预防措施 

分 类 号：R682.3[医药卫生—骨科学]