白泥填料在膨胀阻燃环氧树脂中的协效阻燃和抑烟作用  

Synergistic flame retardancy and smoke suppression of white mud filler in intumescent flame retardant epoxy resins

作　　者：颜龙[1,2] 关晶晶 李昀 徐志胜[1] YAN Long;GUAN Jingjing;LI Yun;XU Zhisheng(School of Civil Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410075,China;Hunan Tieyuan Civil Engineering Testing Co.,Ltd.,Changsha 410075,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学土木工程学院,长沙410075 [2]湖南铁院土木工程检测有限公司,长沙410075

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2024年第5期1832-1839,共8页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52276143);湖南铁院土木工程检测有限公司科技开发项目(HNTY2022K07)。

摘　　要：为实现氨碱白泥的资源化利用,以氨碱白泥为原料,通过烘干、粉碎和表面改性制备白泥填料,并将其作为阻燃协效剂应用于膨胀阻燃环氧树脂,系统研究了白泥填料对膨胀阻燃环氧树脂的阻燃性能、抑烟性能和成炭能力的影响。结果表明,添加白泥填料能够显著降低膨胀阻燃环氧树脂的热释放和生烟量,表现出优异的协效阻燃和抑烟作用。当添加5%烷基化白泥填料时,阻燃和抑烟效率最高,峰值热释放速率和峰值生烟速率降低至234.6 kW/m^(2)和0.048 m^(2)/s,极限氧指数提高到30.5%。此外,白泥填料具有优异的协效成炭作用,添加5%烷基化白泥填料可以促进膨胀阻燃环氧树脂生成更多的芳香结构和含磷的交联结构,增强炭层的致密性和隔热隔质性,提高炭层质量,在700℃下残炭量达到24.5%。To obtain the resource utilization of ammonia-soda white mud,the white mud fillers were prepared through drying,crushing,and chemical surface modification processes.The white mud fillers were applied as a synergist to prepare intumescent flame retardant epoxy resins with typical intumescent flame retardant system of ammonium polyphosphate-pentaerythritol-melamine.The effects of white mud fillers on flame retardancy property,smoke suppression property,and char-forming ability of intumescent flame retardant epoxy resins were systematically studied through tests of the Limited Oxygen Index(LOI),the cone calorimeter and the thermo-gravimetric analyzer,etc.The results of experiments prove that the addition of white mud fillers can significantly reduce the heat release and smoke production of intumescent flame retardant epoxy resins,showing excellent synergistic flame retardant and smoke suppression effects.Especially,the presence of 5%KH550 Modified-White Mud Filler(KWM)in intumescent flame retardant epoxy resin increases the LOI value from^(2)9.1%to 30.5%,reduces the smoke density rating from 58.32%to 29.33%,decreases peak heat release rate from 328.7 kW/m^(2) to 234.6 kW/m^(2),and reduces the peak smoke production rate from 0.071 m^(2)/s to 0.048 m^(2)/s.In addition,the thermogravimetric analysis and char layer analysis demonstrate that the white mud fillers exhibit excellent synergistic char formation effects in intumescent flame retardant epoxy resins.The addition of 5%KWM in intumescent flame retardant epoxy resin generates more aromatic structures and phosphorus-containing cross-linked structures in the condensed phase compare with intumescent flame retardant epoxy resin without white mud filler.The structures enhance the denseness and thermal insulation of the char layer,which effectively segregates heat,combustible compounds,and smoke particles.Besides,the intumescent flame retardant epoxy resin containing 5%KWM reaching 24.5%of char residues at 700℃exerts superior char forming ability than those containing

关 键 词：安全工程 环氧树脂 白泥填料 膨胀阻燃剂 协效作用 阻燃性能 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学] X781.2