低碳视角下多式联运网络设计优化问题研究  

Optimization of multimodal transport network design from a low-carbon perspective

作　　者：张得志[1] 万卓群 李双艳 周赛琦 宾松 ZHANG Dezhi;WAN Zhuoqun;LI Shuangyan;ZHOU Saiqi;BIN Song(School of Traffic&Transportation Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410075,China;College of Logistics and Transportation,Central South University of Forestry and Technology,Changsha 410004,China;Wuhan Branch,China Railway Bridge Survey and Design Institute Group Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学交通运输工程学院,湖南长沙410075 [2]中南林业科技大学物流与交通学院,湖南长沙410004 [3]中铁大桥勘测设计院集团有限公司武汉分公司,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《铁道科学与工程学报》2024年第5期1793-1804,共12页Journal of Railway Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(72074073);湖南省自然科学基金资助项目(2021JJ30857,2021JJ31167);湖南省社会科学基金资助项目(19YBA378);国铁集团科技计划重点项目(N2023X022)。

摘　　要：网络设计与低碳补贴激励措施,是推进多式联运可持续发展的重要途径。基于此,从低碳视角研究水陆联运网络设计优化与补贴模式问题,考虑政府管理部门与物流用户的互动博弈行为,构建基于双层规划的水陆联运物流网络优化模型。该模型中上层规划(政府层)确定网络扩容投资决策及其补贴方案,从而最小化扩容投资与低碳补贴总成本,以及系统中碳排放量;下层模型(物流用户)则是基于广义费用的用户均衡分配模型。针对上述双层优化模型的特点,设计了基于相继平均配流算法(MSA)的改进快速非支配排序遗传算法(NSGA-Ⅱ)。以长江经济带中游地区的水陆联运物流网络为例,进行相应的实证研究,验证上述优化模型及算法的有效性;并且,在对网络进行扩容投资的情况下,对比4种补贴方案,即1)对铁路及水运弧段按固定值进行补贴;2)不进行补贴;3)不同地区的铁路及水运弧段的补贴不同;4)补贴值随机连续。研究结果表明:扩容投资可以减少网络中的超载弧段数量,同时提升网络性能;对铁路及水运弧段进行运输补贴能有效降低碳排放量;若政府关注预算限制,则倾向于按固定值补贴的方案;若更重视碳减排效果,则倾向于采取不同地区不同补贴值的方案。Network design and low-carbon subsidy are two significant methods to promote the sustainable development of multimodal transportation.Therefore,this article investigated the network design optimization problem on water-land multimodal transportation with low-carbon subsidy schemes.Considering the interactive game behavior between government and logistics users,a bi-level programming model was given.The upper level of the proposed model aimed to determine the network expansion investment and subsidy schemes with the lowest possible overall investment cost and low-carbon subsidies,as well as the carbon emissions.The lower level was formulated as a user equilibrium model based on generalized costs.To solve the proposed model,an improved non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm(NSGA-Ⅱ)embedded with the method of successive algorithm(MSA)was presented.A case study based on the multimodal network of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River Economic Belt was used to justify the above model and algorithm.Moreover,in the context of network expansion,the study compared the effect of four different subsidy schemes on the network,namely,1)fixed subsidies for railway and waterway arcs,2)no subsidy,3)subsidies for railway and waterway arcs varied in different regions,and 4)the subsidies are randomly continuous.The findings are shown as follows.Expansion investment can reduce the number of overloaded arcs while increasing network performance.Subsidies for railway and waterway arcs can effectively reduce carbon emissions.Budget restrictions can make the fixed subsidy arrangement preferable.However,if carbon reduction is prioritized,regionally specific incentives are preferred.

关 键 词：多式联运 物流网络设计 双层规划模型 改进非支配排序遗传算法 实证研究 

分 类 号：U15[交通运输工程]