高强韧性轮辋用490CL车轮钢焊接开裂失效分析  

Failure Analysis on Weld Cracking of 490CL Wheel Steel for High Strength and Toughness Rim

作　　者：杨维宇[1] 康利明[1] 勤牧 张智刚 郭玉刚 Yang Wei-yu;Kang Li-ming;Qin Mu;Zhang Zhi-gang;Guo Yu-gang(Technical Center of Inner Mongolia Baotou Steel Union Co.,Ltd.,Baotou 014010,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,China;Marketing Center of Inner Mongolia Baotou Steel Union Co.,Ltd.,Baotou 014010,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古包钢钢联股份有限公司技术中心,内蒙古包头014010 [2]内蒙古包钢钢联股份有限公司营销中心,内蒙古包头014010

出　　处：《包钢科技》2024年第1期41-46,共6页Science & Technology of Baotou Steel

摘　　要：采用闪光对焊制成的490CL车轮钢轮辋在扩口成型工序,从焊缝处开裂失效。通过宏观、微观断口形貌观察,化学成分和力学性能检测,显微组织检验,显微硬度测试及能谱成分分析,对高强韧性轮辋用490CL车轮钢焊接开裂原因进行分析。结果表明,焊缝开裂处存在一定面积的以氧化锰为主的焊接“灰斑”,降低了焊缝塑性,导致焊接好的轮辋在扩口成型时从焊缝融合线处开裂。从降低闪光留量、增加顶锻压强等方面调整焊接工艺参数,改善轮辋用490CL车轮钢焊缝质量,轮辋成型时焊缝开裂比率从1.5%降低至0.3%。There is cracking failure at the weld seam of high strength and toughness 490CL wheel steel rim made with flash butt welding during flaring and forming process.Its causes are analyzed through macroscopic and microscopic observations of fracture morphology,tests of chemical compositions,mechanical properties,microstructure and microhardness as well as energy spectrum composition analysis.The results indicated that there were certain area of welding“gray spots”mainly composed of manganese oxide at weld failure so that the weld ductility was reduced.As a result,there is cracking at weld fusion line during flaring and forming process of welded rim.The weld quality of 490CL wheel steel for rim is improved by adjusting such welding parameters as reducing flash allowance and increasing pressure of upset forging so that the proportion of weld failure during forming of rim is reduced from 1.5%to 0.3%.

关 键 词：490CL车轮钢 轮辋 焊接开裂 显微组织 显微硬度 断口形貌 

分 类 号：TG142.1[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]